Choosing an apricot for the Moscow region - the best varieties of local selection
Breeders had to work a lot to adapt apricots to the climate of central Russia. Now apricot for the Moscow region, the best varieties of which we will consider, has become an ordinary fruit tree. Some trees have settled far to the east and are grown in areas of sharply continental climate.
Variety selection criteria
The winter-hardy apricot for the Moscow region is the one that endures all the vagaries of the weather. The signs of winter hardiness include:
- frost resistance - withstanding a gradual decrease in ambient temperature to - 300 FROM;
- decreased sensitivity of fruit buds to temperature changes;
- an indicator of how quickly thaws provoke the onset of awakening;
- slight damage to flower buds during prolonged frosts.
The Moscow region is a large region. Fruit gardening is possible in the south and southeast of the region, on gentle southern, southwestern slopes. The area should be open to the sun, but protected from northerly winds. The best varieties of apricots for the Moscow region are zoned, grown in the conditions of the region.
When choosing where to plant an apricot tree, look around. If pears, ash, Norway maple grow nearby - the soil and climate is suitable for growing apricots.
The seedling should be grafted at a height of 1.2 m on a stem former - a plum of local varieties with high winter hardiness. This trick will save the bark of a tree from podoprevaniya - the scourge of the Moscow region apricot orchards.
Self-fertility is an important feature of the variety. Self-fertility - pollination of flowers with their own pollen or from a neighboring tree of the same variety. However, if at least one apricot of another variety appears in the massif, the harvest will be more abundant. Self-fertility is a quality that allows you to get the ovary even without pollinators, in adverse weather. The best varieties of apricots for the Moscow region are self-fertile.
Varietal apricots can only be obtained by grafting. There are no other breeding methods. Apricot does not propagate with woody and green cuttings. A guaranteed yield is possible from varieties grown in nurseries near Moscow and Kaluga.
Recommended varieties for growing in the Moscow region
Consider the best varieties of apricots for the Moscow region, combining signs of winter hardiness and self-fertility. Disease resistant, fruitful and have an excellent taste of the varieties: Iceberg, Alyosha, Winter-hardy Suslova, Black Velvet. There are many varieties, every fan will find his own tree. But generally recognized, apricot Lel in the Moscow region is the best.
Apricot Lel
In 1986, a Russian variety was bred, created by breeders Alexey Skvortsov and Larisa Kramarenko. The main difference between the tree is its compactness and high yield. The variety is winter-hardy, self-fertile with round-oval fruits weighing 20 g. Apricot Lel in the Moscow region grows up to 3 m in height - good conditions for shelter during the period of return frosts. The variety is early ripening, ideal for growing in the conditions of central Russia.
Snegirek variety
A tree that feels great not only in the Moscow region, but further, in the North. The tree is not demanding on the composition of the soil. The height of 1.5 m allows you to create a shelter in extreme conditions. Fruits are elastic, can withstand transportation, and are stored for several months. The tree has the highest winter hardiness of all varieties cultivated in the Moscow region, self-fertile. The disadvantage is insufficient resistance to moniliosis, requires spring treatment with fungicides.
Northern triumph
The variety is zoned for the Central Black Earth Region in Voronezh, but has adapted to the favorable conditions on the southern side of the Moscow Region. The tree is spreading, vigorous. Apricot Northern Triumph gives large fruits, weighing up to 55 g. Fruits are pubescent, have a greenish spot in the shade, orange pulp and pleasant taste.
Variety advantages:
- high productivity;
- excellent taste of fruits;
- small bone;
- tolerance to typical diseases of apricots.
When rooting a seedling, it should be remembered that the tree will need a large unshaded area, protection from wind and freezing.
Red-cheeked apricot
Apricot Red-cheeked in the Moscow region is a giant among fruit trees. High trunk, spreading crown. Apricots have a slightly flattened rounded shape. The weight of one fruit is 40-50 g. The berry is pubescent, light orange. The taste is excellent, the aftertaste is sour. The fruit is dense, contains 13.7 mg / 100 g of dry matter, 9.7% sugar, 1.37% fruit acids. The tree bears a harvest annually, starting from 3-4 years of planting. The fruits ripen at the end of July. Apricot Krasnoschekiy is grown not only in the Moscow region, but also in other regions of Russia.
The taste of the fruit depends on proper care. A starving tree will produce small and tasteless fruits. Without proper agricultural technology, the tree will become a breeding ground for diseases and pests.
The variety is distinguished by:
- the best winter-hardy properties observed fruit trees Moscow region;
- self-fertility;
- large-fruited and high productivity;
- high taste of fruits;
- resistance to disease.
Russian
A winter-hardy variety with a high yield, Russian, does not grow upward, but has a spreading crown. This creates a comfortable environment for harvesting fruits weighing 50 g. Fragrant yellow pulp has a rich aroma and harmonious taste. The variety can withstand frosts up to 30 degrees, resistant to diseases.
Gardeners are also interested in varieties such as:
- Honey can withstand 35 degrees of frost;
- Hardy - the winter hardiness of the variety also applies to flower buds, enters fruiting in 5-6 years.
Zoned apricot trees are particularly unpretentious to weather conditions, they have medium-sized, but tasty fruits. The author of many forms of apricots, Professor A.K. Skvortsov.