What types of wooden stairs can you make yourself?

Wooden stairs are gaining more and more popularity every year. This is due, first of all, to the fact that people more often began to acquire country houses of several floors. When arranging a room, the correct choice of steps plays an important role. Natural wood stairs have many positive aspects. This type of product can be bought or made independently. To do this, you will need to collect a certain set of tools, buy good wood and be patient.

How to make the correct calculation?

Before starting work, you should pay special attention to the choice of the main material. Wooden stairs to the second floor can be made from different types of trees, but pine is best. This type of raw material is distinguished by its softness and low price. Even a beginner will easily work with such material.

A staircase made of solid pine will not darken if, before starting work, the raw materials are properly processed with a special agent.

In order for the structure to be reliable and serve for many years, it is recommended to buy more expensive varieties of wood. These include beech, oak, larch. They have a denser structure, but they have a high price.

The main types of stairs:

• screw;
• marching.

For the manufacture of the first option, in addition to wooden materials, metal materials are also used. These ladders are intended only for human movement. It is almost impossible to lift furniture or other dimensional elements along them. Often, screw structures are chosen for rooms with a small area. Popular types of wooden stairs are shown in the photo below:

Marching is the most practical and easiest to manufacture. Such designs are divided into many types. They can be both one-march and consist of several parts. In the second option, a platform is often used that separates these elements and is used to create a turn.

Before starting work, you need to calculate a wooden staircase:

1. The product should not have an angle of inclination greater than 45⁰.
2. The depth of the tread is at least 25 cm.
3. The dimensions of the riser should be within the range of 16-20 cm.
4. Opening width from 1000 mm.
5. Railing height from 1 meter. For children - 60 cm.
6. Vertical opening - not less than 2 meters.

In order to determine the number of steps, it is necessary to divide the height of the future stairs by the height of the steps. The resulting number should be rounded to the nearest whole. This indicator will be the number of steps.

Accurate counting can be done using a special computer program. Using simple rules and recommendations, you can make a comfortable, and most importantly, reliable stairs.

Product design

Before making a wooden staircase, you need to know what it consists of. This will help to quickly create the option that will best fit into the chosen interior of the room.

For ease of movement, the number of steps should be odd.

The structure of the staircase includes the following parts:

1. Bowstring. This element acts as a supporting beam and is an additional fastener for the steps.
2. Kosoura. These are the cuts that are created in the main parallel beams. They are needed to accommodate the treads.
3. Approaches. They are designed to cover the visible part between the steps.The risers are mounted vertically. It is optional to use these elements.
4. Come on. This type of elements is the top of the steps.
5. Balusters. With this part, maximum rigidity and strength of the product is achieved. Elements are attached to steps and railings.
6. Columns. They are also often called support rods. This is the main part of the screw designs.
7. Handrails. Mounted on top of balusters.
8. Radius steps. They are presented in the form of a rounded shape. Installed at the bottom of the stairs.
9. Decorative parts. They are installed on poles. These are often referred to as stubs.
10. Winder step. It is mounted at the very beginning of the flight of stairs. Its distinctive feature is its unusual shape.

The complexity of the structure depends not only on the type of construction, but also on the manufacturing method. A wooden staircase to the second floor with your own hands for a private house can be made both on bowstrings and on kosoura.

Bowstrings are mounted from the end of the tread. For this, corners, grooves and construction glue are used. They can also be fixed using bars. All elements are fixed with bolts or self-tapping screws.

As for the kosour, they are placed under the steps themselves. For their installation, special fasteners are used.

For the manufacture of bowstrings and stringers, it is best to use oak or ash. Also, craftsmen prefer larch. These types of trees will make the structure more reliable.

Layout and element creation

The manufacture of wooden stairs should be started only after a full calculation has been made. You also need to finally decide on the place where the product will be installed.

Sequencing:

1. The first thing to do is mark the bowstrings and stringers. In order for the work to be done as accurately and quickly as possible, it is recommended to use a right-angled triangle. You can also use a special corner to create. It has marked legs.
2. At this stage, the length of the steps and, if necessary, the steps are measured. All elements should be cut out using electric saws... It is not recommended to use a hand tool, as it will be difficult to obtain the desired result with it.
3. All elements must be carefully sanded. This should be done first with an electric device, and then with sandpaper. Manual processing is necessary in order to clean up hard-to-reach places.

If the steps will fit on the kosour, then their length should be 10-20 mm more, and their width should be 20-30 mm.

Particular attention should be paid to the wooden stair railings. They should be sanded in several stages, reducing the graininess of the paper. Thus, the handrails will be perfectly smooth.

Also, do not forget about the connector for the second floor. If it is not there, then by dismantling it will be necessary to remove part of the floor.

Installation of wooden stairs

Fastening the structure is the main part of the job. Much depends on the correct assembly of elements.

The installation of a wooden staircase must be started with fastening the support bar. It is fixed to the floor, where the stairs will begin. Then a kosour is attached to the beam. This can be done in two ways: washed down in a beam or washed down in a stringer.

After that, the product is fixed to the support bar, to the side wall and the ceiling opening. As soon as the first stringer is well fixed, you can proceed to the second. The second element is installed according to the length of the prepared steps.

The top step should be at the same level with the second floor.

Depending on the width of the ladder and the expected loads, you can use not two stringers, but three or more. The use of several elements imparts rigidity to the structure.

So that the steps are not tilted in different directions, the kosour should be installed as evenly as possible.

After the main parts are attached, you can proceed with the installation of the risers, and then the steps. The treads are attached with wood screws to the kosoura and risers. In this case, it is important to ensure that the fasteners are well embedded in the wood.

The installation of balusters and poles must be started from the markings where they will be located. The dowel hole should be in the middle of the baluster. The fasteners are fixed to the connector with glue. They should protrude 10-15 cm up. A hole is drilled in the baluster to fit the dowel.

Then the posts are attached. On a single-flight structure, they are mounted at the beginning and end. At first, only the upper elements should be attached, the lower ones will be installed at the very last moment.

After that, you need to fix one or two balusters. This is necessary in order to determine the angle of the surface. To do this, you will need to attach a handrail. Cut off the unnecessary part from all elements.

Then the base and holes of the prepared balusters are carefully processed with glue and connected to the dowels.

The railing is cut at the required angle. Holes are made on the sections to connect them with the posts, using a dowel. The rails are attached to the balusters after the glue is completely dry. They are also fixed with adhesive and self-tapping screws. For secure fastening we use electric drill.

The bottom column is installed last. It is also fixed to the railing with a dowel. After the glue is completely dry, a hand-made wooden staircase is considered ready.

To prevent the material from infecting fungus and insects, the wood must be painted with an antiseptic. The stairs should be coated with varnish or other paints and varnishes after the primer dries well. To do this, you will need to wait at least 24 hours. If this is not done, then the paint will not lay evenly and will begin to peel over time.

Making a staircase out of wood is easy. Adhering to the sequence of actions and recommendations, you can make a beautiful, strong and durable structure that will decorate the room for many years.

Video tutorial on making a stringer of a wooden staircase