Photos and names of Ural shrubs for a closer acquaintance
Experienced gardeners, choosing a plant for their site, must take into account its adaptability to the climatic conditions of their region and the main characteristics of the soil. The photos and names of the Ural shrubs presented in this article will help you figure out which plant species are most desirable for growing in this area.
Geographical position of the Urals
The map shows that the Urals are located simultaneously in the European and Asian sides of the world. The Ural Mountains originate from the very north and reach the south of the Kazakhstan region, stretching for 2500 km. They represent a kind of system of massifs and ridges of different heights.
The Ural occupies over 780 thousand km² in area. Since it has such a vast territory, its borders run through almost all climatic zones. Accordingly, the flora and fauna of this region has some differences.
Geographically, the Urals are usually divided into several regions:
- the steppe zone of the territory of the Southern Urals is replaced by forest (represented by Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, Bashkortostan);
- in the Middle Urals, mainly forest and taiga (Sverdlovsk, Perm);
- taiga in the Northern, Polar and Subpolar Urals is replaced by tundra (the Komi Republic and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug).
These areas have different climatic conditions, so the entire Urals as a whole amazes with plant diversity. Among them are many herbaceous crops, trees, as well as fruit and flowering plants.
Features of vegetation in the Urals
The flora of the Urals is represented by a huge number of species of mosses and lichens, mushrooms and ferns. The land is rich in herbs. Wheatgrass, serpentine, thyme, fescue, rhodiola are found here. Among the trees, the most common are Siberian fir and Siberian spruce, which live in forests.
Forests cover about 90% of all vegetation in the Urals. They are dominated by 4 types of coniferous trees and about 10 species of deciduous trees. As for the wild-growing shrubs of the Urals, among them are the juniper, honeysuckle, sod, as well as wild species of raspberries and currants.
When choosing ornamental shrubs for the garden, you need to consider which of them bloom in a certain period of time. This is necessary to draw up the correct composition in landscape design.
Photo and name of the Ural shrubs
Understanding the harsh climate of the Urals, the characteristics of the soil, it is important to choose for your garden those shrubs that are resistant to frost, strong winds, an abundance of snow in winter, and in summer to high humidity, high temperatures (especially in the South Urals). Photos and names of shrubs in the Urals, as well as Siberia, the climate of which is largely similar, further in the article.
Ornamental shrubs of the Urals
For a successful landscape design, they use not only flowers and trees, but also shrubs that look good in the overall composition. In addition to the fact that when choosing flowering shrubs for the Urals and Siberia, you need to take into account unstable weather, harsh climatic conditions, you should pay attention to the soil where it is planned to plant in a permanent place of growth. It must match the plant.If necessary, you can carry out a small correction of the soil, feeding it with the required components. The most common ornamental shrubs for the Urals (pictured with the name) include the following: spiraea, derain, barberry.
Spirea
Spirea belongs to flowering deciduous shrubs. Gardeners fell in love with it as a plant that does not require special care. It is unpretentious and tolerates frost well. Depending on the species, it can bloom in spring or in summer before autumn. At the same time, flowering is long and abundant. The height of the bush is up to 1 m, but some varieties grow up to 2 m.
The main care for the shrub is proper timely pruning. If the procedure is performed immediately after the end of flowering, then the next season there will be an active new growth with beautiful large inflorescences. Without pruning, the culture quickly loses its decorative appearance and looks rather unkempt. Spirea is referred to as frost-resistant ornamental shrubs for Siberia and the Ural region.
Barberry
Barberry has several types. Some grow in the plains, while those that prefer to inhabit the mountains grow to the size of a small tree. The shrub not only blooms profusely, but also bears fruit regularly. In landscape design, it is used to make hedgewhich looks very picturesque. At the same time, the plant is not afraid of a dense planting, therefore, more often the barberry is formed on a trellis wire.
The shrub loves sunny places, abundant watering and requires timely application of mineral fertilizers. Patiently tolerates slight shading.
Prefers neutral soils. When planting a plant, it is advisable to add peat and humus to the soil. The fruits of barberry can be used for food, therefore the culture belongs to the fruit garden shrubs for the Northern Urals and other regions.
Derain
Derain has several varieties that differ in appearance. White turf is characterized by the presence of light leaves, which acquire a red tint in autumn. When the foliage completely falls off, red stems remain. They look quite unusual in winter against a background of snow. Dogwood has a light-colored border along the edges of a green leaf. In landscape design, culture is used as small spectacular fences on the site.
The plant requires annual rejuvenating pruning, after which the dogwood quickly recovers its shape and size. Grows well in sunny places, a little shade is allowed, depending on the type of culture. Prefers neutral, slightly alkaline soils. When planting on the bottom, it is necessary to lay a drainage layer to drain excess moisture.
Before planting a shrub, it is important to know the characteristics of the soil. This is necessary in order to supplement when planting, if possible, correct its composition and make it more suitable for growing a particular plant.
Fruit shrubs of the Urals
Fruit shrubs of the Ural region should be distinguished by good frost resistance, winter hardiness, well adapted to the soil after transplanting to a permanent place. As a rule, with competent agricultural technology, fruit plants give a bountiful harvest.
Among the popular fruit bushes of the Urals (in the photo with the names), the following species are especially distinguished:
- blueberry;
- rosehip;
- cotoneaster.
These shrubs, with proper care, not only bear fruit well, but are also a real decoration of the site. However, they do not require special care. It is important to fertilize them on time, timely prune the crown, and set the correct irrigation regime.
Blueberry
Blueberries are classified as deciduous fruit shrubs from the heather family. The stems of the culture reach 1 m in height, in some cases they spread along the ground. The leaf plate is dense, oval in shape with rounded edges. The size of the leaf is no more than 3 cm, it is located on short petioles.In early fall, the leaves turn red and then fall off.
During flowering blueberry small flowers of pink or white bloom. Fruits - blue berries, ripen in early July, have excellent taste. Blueberries are native to forests, highlands and tundra. It is often cultivated in garden plots.
Rosehip
Rosehip is a fairly tall shrub. Often its height reaches more than 2 m. It has thin branches with sharp straight thorns. The leaf plate is formed by 5 oval leaves. Blooms from mid-spring to July.
Found in all regions, but some species grow in forests near the northern borders. The Ural region is no exception, where the plant grows well in forests, and is also cultivated in areas. Refers to perennial flowering shrubs suitable for the Urals. The fruits are multi-nuts. After ripening, they have a bright color - from yellow to brown. Ripe rose hips can be hard or soft and taste sweet and sour.
Cotoneaster
The shrub belongs to the genus of thornless deciduous plants. It differs from other fruit crops in very slow development and growth. He has medium-sized oval leaf plates of a bright green color. The flowers are small, collected in brushes, brushes, white or pink. The fruit of the cotoneaster is a small apple with 2-5 seeds, red, black. They can reproduce by seeds and vegetatively.
Many types of cotoneaster are decorative. They are used to create hedges as well as to strengthen sandy slopes. They are undemanding to growing conditions and soil. Resistant to severe frosts and diseases. Regular pruning on time is desirable.
Rare shrubs of the Urals
The climatic conditions of the Urals are so diverse that it allows the development of unique plants that cannot be found anywhere else. Photos and names of rare shrubs of the Urals are presented below.
Snowberry
No other plant can boast of such frost resistance as the snowberry. Even under a dense layer of snow, the shrub continues to keep bright berries on its branches. The plant belongs to the honeysuckle family, reaches a height of more than 2.5 m.
Depending on the variety of this crop, the berries can be white, pink or bright red. In appearance, the shrub does not differ in particular beauty, but as soon as small berries appear on it, it transforms and immediately attracts attention.
You should not plant a snowberry in your garden plot if the family has small children. Berries and leaf plates contain toxic substances.
Magonia
Mahonia is a short shrub with shiny bright green leaf blades. Small denticles are located along their edges. They are so sharp that they can cut your hands. The plant grows up to 1.5 m in height. Magonia requires timely pruning, after which it recovers rather quickly.
The flowering culture begins in April, when the foliage has not yet blossomed in the gardens. Therefore, small yellow flowers look unusual against the general background. Magonia differs from other shrubs in its delicate aroma, delighting with flowering for about a month. Fruits appear in August and stick tightly on the branches for up to 5 months, retaining their decorative and taste qualities.
Myrtle-leaved willow
Myrtle willow is an erect or creeping shrub no more than 50 cm high. The leaves are round, rather dense. Densely-flowered earrings, located on short, leafy branches. The culture grows in the tundra and forest-tundra, inhabiting well-moistened slopes, hollows, swampy areas. The population in the Urals is small, the plant occupies small areas in area. Protected by law on the territory of the nature monument "Lake Verkhnee".
The presence of a large number of exotic and rare plants in the Urals is due to the unique nature, climate, soil resources. Many rare plant species are included in the Red Data Book of the Sverdlovsk Region and are protected by law.
Shrubs of the Urals are represented by a variety of crops. Among them are decorative flowering specimens, perennials, various fruit plants. In addition, the flora of the Ural region is rich in rare exotic shrubs that are considered endangered species.