We give preference to apple varieties Krasa Sverdlovsk
The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree was bred by Sverdlovsk breeders in the 1970s. The variety is self-fertile - when pollinated with its own pollen, the fruits are not tied, so the tree must be placed nearby apple trees of other varieties.
Due to its aroma, excellent taste, high yield, good keeping quality, beautiful shape and color of apples, Krasa Sverdlovsk is considered one of the best varieties in the world.
External characteristics
You can distinguish the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree from other varieties by the following features:
- The height of the tree reaches 5-7 m, its crown is not dense, medium-leaved, has a rounded shape.
- Large skeletal branches are covered with brown bark. They depart from the main trunk at an angle of 70-80 degrees.
- The surface of young shoots is covered with a small fluff. They are colored brown, slightly faceted.
- The leaves are glossy, dark green, large and rounded, with a wrinkled surface.
- The buds that appear are colored burgundy pink. As the flowers bloom, the petals acquire a white-pinkish tint.
Burgundy buds are considered the main distinguishing feature of wild apple trees. Krasa Sverdlovsk is one of the few cultivars with buds of such an unusual color.
Fruit and yield
The size of the fruits is larger than average, weighing 160-200 g. With proper care, an adult tree can produce apples weighing up to 280 g. They are distinguished by a beautiful, round shape, have an even, smooth surface and glossy skin.
The color of apples at harvest is greenish yellow with a red barrel. When stored, they become creamy orange in color. The blush becomes brighter and more washed out. The length and thickness of the stalk is average, the funnel is not deep, covered with rusty of a beautiful golden-pink color.
The pale creamy flesh is slightly grainy, dense, juicy. The apple has a pleasant sweet and sour taste and delicate aroma with a slight hint of spices. 100 g of fruit contains more than 30 mg of vitamin C.
Regular and full-fledged fruiting begins 6-7 years after planting a young tree. Compliance with the rules of care will allow you to collect about 200 centners of the crop from a plot of 1 hectare. An adult tree can produce up to 90 kg of apples.
Collection and storage
Harvested in September. Since the variety is a winter variety, the fruits are stored until May without losing their taste, aroma and marketable appearance.
For storage, it is recommended to use a cellar with a temperature of 0 to + 4˚C and an air humidity of 75-80%.
In September, incompletely ripe apples are picked from the trees and sent to storage in an unripe form. At this time, they are still sour and tough, have a greenish-yellow color, and a starchy taste. Gradually, the fruits ripen, become sweet, soft and juicy. During storage, they acquire a beautiful color with a bright crimson-red blush, and a pleasant aroma.
Regions of apple growing Krasa Sverdlovsk
The Krasa Sverdlovsk apple variety grows well in the central regions of Russia, in the South Urals and the Volga region. Differs in an average level of winter hardiness, which does not allow growing crops in the northern regions.
However, some gardeners successfully breed this variety in Altai and western Siberia, provided it is grown using the stanza method: as the tree grows, it is tilted to the north.As a result, the soil on the south side is better warmed up by the sun's rays, which fall at a slight angle in this latitude. A tree growing in an upright position will not be able to receive enough heat and light, which will lead to a significant decrease in yield.
Disease and pest resistance
The description of the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree in the variety register (in the document it is numbered 8905983) contains information that the crop is relatively resistant tofruit rot, scab and powdery mildew.
Most gardeners note that trees are notable for good pest resistance, which is due to the climatic characteristics of the regions in which they are grown.
To avoid poor growth and soreness, trees should be planted in areas where there is no groundwater.
In some cases, it is advisable to take care of the arrangement of the drainage system before planting. Also, you should not carry out too abundant and frequent watering of apple trees.
Choosing a landing site
Due to the not too high winter hardiness, trees are recommended to be planted from the south side of a tall building or a place protected from the north wind.
The best planting site for the Beauty of Sverdlovsk is the southern part of the garden, where adult apple trees of other varieties grow. The distance between trees should be at least 3-4 meters. It is recommended to adhere to the same distance when planting crops near buildings.
Thanks to its compact, not spreading crown, the tree does not take up much space, so it can be easily placed even on a small estate.
Soil requirements
Studying the peculiarities of planting and leaving the Krasa Sverdlovskaya apple-tree variety, it should be borne in mind that very heavy and too light soils will not suit her. Clay soil prevents moisture and air from penetrating the root system, and sandy soil is not able to retain water and supply it to the roots from the lower layers.
Therefore, if there is a soil that is not suitable for this type of soil on the site, it is recommended to prepare a garden pit 1-2 years before planting the apple tree.
When growing a crop, it is also necessary to consider the following features regarding soil requirements:
- The plant prefers soil with neutral acidity. If it is increased, the required amount of lime is introduced into the ground before planting.
- The beauty of Sverdlovsk grows poorly in too salty soil. To normalize this indicator, experts recommend plastering 1-2 years before planting a tree.
- The plant does not tolerate too high soil moisture. This indicates the need to avoid planting it near groundwater.
Features of agricultural technology
It is known that the Krasa Sverdlovsk apple tree can withstand up to -30 degrees, provided that the air humidity is low and additional plant protection measures are observed. To prevent freezing in the Ural Gardens, the tree trunk and branches of the first order are tied with insulation.
When growing in the Perm, Sverdlovsk regions and in Siberia, it is very important to pay attention to the correct formation of the crown. It is formed using the stanza method, due to which in winter the plant is completely covered with a layer of snow.
In connection with the poor awakening of buds on the growths, young seedlings should be cut in early spring during the first 5 years of their life. Pruning last year's growth in spring and pinching of new side branches over 3-5 leaves will allow you to form a compact crown and maximize productivity.
Since the culture is self-fertile, in the absence of nearby apple trees of other varieties, its flowers will not be able to pollinate. Therefore, in order to ensure good ovaries and fruits, the beauty of Sverdlovsk must be placed near other trees. They will provide her with high-quality pollination. It is necessary to select varieties of apple pollinators in such a way that their flowering coincides in time with the flowering of the variety in question.