Competent planting and care of Siberian cedar pine at their summer cottage
The majestic coniferous cultures have fascinated true lovers of nature for centuries. It is not surprising why in our time planting and caring for Siberian cedar pine is the most relevant topic for owners of country houses. In addition to external beauty, the plant has a number of useful properties. Evergreen needles contain molecules of iron, amino acids, vitamin C and essential oils. It exudes a refreshing scent and fills the garden with phytoncides. Utensils, musical instruments and furniture are made of wood. And, of course, the plant fits perfectly into any style of landscape design. Let's take a closer look at popular culture. We will find out how quickly a cedar pine planted in a summer cottage grows. And also, we will analyze the rules for planting and caring for a majestic tree.
The enduring beauty and grandeur of the plant
The branches of a shortened nature are strewn with dark green needles. It is covered with a bluish bloom, which gives the culture an original decorative effect. The needles, soft to the touch, grow in compact bunches of 5 in each. The tips are framed with miniature notches.
With the correct planting of Siberian cedar pine and caring for it, it is important to take into account the structure of the root system. It consists of a main rod and a large number processes. The main part penetrates about 1.5 m deep into the soil. The so-called "anchors" are formed from the shoots, which, as they grow, are located at a depth of about 3 m. Thanks to this, the plant is able to withstand extreme weather conditions. However, it grows very slowly. Vegetation lasts approximately 45 days a year.
Male and female cones are a special trophy of culture. Pollination begins in June. Pollen is exchanged through air currents, which is invisible to the human eye.
Ripe cones of Siberian pine differ:
- ovoid;
- original purple color;
- up to 14 cm long;
- about 8 cm wide;
- dense scales.
The ripening process takes about 15 months. They fall in the fall, although they do not open. Each of the cones contains up to 30 full seeds. They resemble small egg-shaped nuts of dark brown color. Since the seeds do not have "wings", in their natural environment they are carried by chipmunks or nutcrackers. Fruiting of the culture begins in the 60th year after planting, followed by an interval of 5 to 10 years.
From one Siberian cedar pine tree, you can collect up to 12 kg of fruits valuable for the body.
Planting and caring for Siberian cedar pine: instructions for beginner gardeners
For a long time, this coniferous culture was considered a majestic giant tree.
However, scientists have bred decorative varieties that are successfully grown in summer cottages:
- "President" (has a conical crown, grows up to 3 m);
- "Narcissus" (maximum height of about 1 m, crown in the form of a ball);
- "Recordist" (spherical tree, height up to 3 m, bears fruit abundantly).
Quality seedlings are purchased from specialized nurseries. They come with open or closed root systems. Planting is carried out in early spring, before the buds begin to swell, or in the fall, when the trees shed their foliage. Regardless of the season chosen, the process is carried out in accordance with the generally accepted instructions.
It is best to plant a pine tree that is about 10 years old. It should have a well-developed rhizome and branches.
Ideal plot and suitable soil
The majestic culture prefers places where there is an abundance of sunshine. Therefore, on the territory of a country house, a spacious area is chosen, away from trees with a spreading crown. It is important to consider the height of an adult pine. Even when planting hybrid undersized varieties, seedlings are placed at a distance of 5-8 m from other crops, residential and commercial buildings.
Despite the fact that the plant loves an abundance of light, for 10 years young trees have been shaded during sultry periods.
Coniferous culture loves sandy loam and loamy soils of a wet nature. If clay soil prevails on the site, it is fertilized with humus and peat... High acidity is eliminated with lime. The result is an ideal soil for cedar pine.
"Arrangement" of the pit and landing
After choosing a place and preparing the soil, proceed to the funnel. To do this, carefully loosen the ground and dig a hole 1 m deep and about 1.8 m wide.In principle, its size should exceed the volume of the root system by about 20 cm.
A drainage layer is laid at the bottom using any of the following materials:
- crushed stone;
- ceramic pieces;
- small stone;
- gravel.
The excavated soil, if necessary, is combined with sand, peat and compost at a rate of 1: 1: 1. The components are thoroughly mixed and left next to the funnel.
And how to plant cedar pine so that it successfully takes root on the site? Agronomists advise to place the seedling very carefully in the hole, trying not to damage the roots. The plant is covered with fertilized soil, periodically compacting the layers. After planting, the pine is watered abundantly with water. For the first time, 20-30 liters are enough. Surface fall asleep mulch.
It is advisable to stick a stick near the tree, which in the future will serve as a reliable support for it.
Planned care
the young seedling successfully developed on the new site, it is provided with competent care. Water the plant as the soil dries. In hot periods, the procedure is repeated more often. After each watering, the near-stem area is weeded, going deep into the soil by about 10 cm. The weeds are folded next to the crop. It is used as a natural supplement. Once every 1.5 months, mulching is carried out with peat.
Fertilizers are applied only the next year after planting. For business usesubstances containing:
- nitrogen;
- phosphorus;
- potassium.
Purchase them in specialized stores. For one Siberian pine, 10 liters of fertilizers diluted in water are enough. In late autumn, the near-stem area is covered with additional mulch. It stimulates the development and protection of the root system from the winter cold.
At first, it is advisable not to cut the lateral branches of the Siberian pine. The presence of needles accelerates the process of cultural development.
Protection from pests and diseases
Despite their power, young seedlings often suffer from insects. Bark beetles lay eggs in the trunks of the culture and gnaw out a huge number of moves. Siberian Hermes sucks out the life-giving moisture of a young seedling, which has a detrimental effect on its development. Get rid of pest infestations with traditional insecticides.
Gardeners are also faced with various diseases of the cedar pine that destroy it from the inside. Most often, the culture is striking:
- pine needles rust;
- shoot cancer;
- smolyanka.
It is possible to save a plant from infection only at the initial stage.Therefore, experts advise treating the culture with preparations that strengthen the root system and the outer part.
A unique breeding method for cedar pine
Experienced gardeners often grow young seedlings on their own. There is a simple process diagram. First of all, the seeds of Siberian pine are stratified. The material is placed in a refrigerator for about 3 months.
Several procedures are carried out immediately before landing.:
- "Nuts" are poured with cold water for 3 hours to remove hollow specimens;
- the material is placed in a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate for about 2 hours;
- the seeds are kept in hot water (50 ° C) for 3 days, changing the liquid daily.
Treated specimens are mixed with peat chips at the rate of 1: 3. The resulting "substrate" is poured into containers with holes on the sides and on the bottom. Its layer should be no more than 20 cm. The containers are placed in the basement or refrigerator. After 3 months, proceed to further sowing in containers or on the site. Miniature nuts are separated from the soil, kept in light pink potassium permanganate, dried and sown.
The soil for the successful reproduction of cedar pine is prepared from the following components:
- ordinary land from the garden;
- peat;
- wood ash;
- potash and phosphate fertilizers.
The holes are made 3 cm deep. The crops are covered with sawdust and film. They are ventilated and moistened daily as the earth dries up. After sprouts appear, the film is removed. Dense plantings are thinned out. Fortified specimens are left for rooting, and over time are placed in a permanent place.
Having considered how to properly plant Siberian cedar pine and care at home, it's not scary to get down to business. The instruction consists of simple steps: site selection, soil preparation, pit size and quality seedling. Further, competent watering, feeding and protection from diseases and pests. If desired, you can propagate the culture using seeds.