Do-it-yourself care and cultivation of a tea rose at their summer cottage
Probably every passionate gardener dreams of creating a beautiful rose garden, and therefore needs advice on how to care for the queen of flowers. Care and cultivation of a tea rose in the open field is not particularly difficult. With proper preparation of the seedling for planting in the ground, timely pruning of the bush, regular feeding and watering, you can get a beautiful lush flowering plant.
Description and popular varieties of tea roses
Tea roses in the garden are not only a decoration of the territory, but also a wonderful aroma. The work of breeders is aimed both at working with the flower and at creating new fragrances. In some varieties, it is thick, sweet and rich, while in others it is thin and delicate. When breeding, the shape of the rose bush and its proportions are of great importance. The new varieties are resistant to cold temperatures in winter and disease. The photo shows popular varieties of tea roses with names.
Gloria Dei is the most popular tea rose of the 20th century. Created by breeder Francis Meiland in 1935 in France
Tea rose care and cultivation
Planting and caring for a tea rose is a painstaking task, but such work is rewarded with abundant flowering. The plant requires a lot of attention to itself, it is necessary to care for roses throughout the growing season. If planting is carried out in the fall, then cut off the shoots at a distance of about 20 cm from ground level (4-6 buds). Long and damaged roots should also be pruned.
How to properly plant a tea rose in spring: before planting, carefully cut off the branches of the seedling at a distance of 15 cm from the ground. In this case, from 2 to 4 buds should remain on the shoot. This pruning stimulates the growth of new shoots. If the plant will be planted in sandy soil that is not rich in nutrients, trim the branches a little higher - about 20 cm (count 6 buds). When the bush has formed, do a more vigorous pruning the next year.
The main purpose of the pruning work is to form the correct spherical shape of the bush, as well as to stimulate the growth of new strong branches.
Sapling planting process
Planting seedlings can be carried out in the fall, but spring is considered the best time. So the rose will have time during the summer months to take root in place, launching a branched root system. The choice of planting site is very important, the tea rose grows well in illuminated places. It is desirable to have a house wall, fence or high bushso that the plant has protection from the wind. There must be good drainage in the soil.
The three main components of tea rose soil are:
- Sod land.
- Humus.
- Compost.
Dig up the area two weeks before planting the seedlings and water it several times. On the day of planting, make a hole 50 cm wide.The initial hole depth is also 50 cm.Put fertilizers at the bottom and cover them with soil 2/3 of the depth of the hole.
When planting a rose in a hole, the roots of the plant must be straightened. Trim roots that are too long. When planting a plant in the ground, deepen the trunk 5 cm from the place where the inoculation was made.
Spread the roots of the rose evenly, sprinkle it with earth, compact the soil and water the plant. When the soil settles, add more soil and water again. The next stage is the creation of a 20 cm high earthen wall to protect the young plant. Align the shaft after two weeks. Mulch ground with sawdust to retain moisture in the soil.
Watering is a prerequisite for proper care and cultivation of a tea rose. This plant is moisture-loving, and with a lack of rain, the bush will not be able to please you with abundant flowering and good growth.
Dry and hot summers without watering can lead to the fact that the petals of blossoming buds begin to dry out immediately. Therefore, provide the roses with sufficient moisture to the root system.
How to prune a bush correctly
Pruning is the most important step in plant care. A properly pruned bush gives strong and high-quality shoots, on which many buds appear. As a result, the bush blooms profusely throughout the growing season. Pruning ensures the full growth and development of the rose, helps to strengthen the bush, as a result, its winter hardiness increases. Thinning, when excess branches are cut off, creates the conditions for good flowering. For the tea rose, gardeners have developed special pruning methods.
For successful work, all tools must be sharpened so that all the cuts on the branches are even. Do not work with blunt garden shears or pruning shears. After all, if the cut turns out to be torn, because of this, the branch may die.
List of tools that you will need to work:
- gardening scissors;
- secateurs-side cutter;
- garden saw;
- garden knife.
When working, cut at an angle, not straight. The cut should be 5 millimeters above the kidney. Do not make this distance any longer, otherwise the stump will dry out. Begin the pruning process by removing damaged, dry, and diseased branches. Cut them to a healthy spot or at ground level. Collect diseased shoots and burn.
How to identify healthy shoots. Their core is white, and the dried branches are brown.
In the second year of the life of the bush, carry out a more thorough pruning than when planting it.
The figure shows diagrams of how to properly prune a tea rose in spring and autumn after flowering:
- Spring pruning of a seedling.
- Formation of fresh shoots during the summer months.
- In September, remove non-lignified stems and shoots that are no longer blooming.
Pruning the bush in the third year and in all subsequent years is done according to this scheme (Figures 4 and 5). In the month of March, inspect the bush, cut off the diseased and dead stems during the winter. Then make a shortening: cut off strong branches at a distance of 20 cm (4-5 buds), all other shoots at a distance of 15 cm from the ground level (2-3 buds). When the growing period ends (September - early October), cut off flowering branches and any non-flowering shoots that are not yet lignified.
If you don't trim on time
Experienced gardeners recommend pruning the bush on time. This is one of the main conditions for proper cultivation and care of a tea rose. If this is not done, the rose will begin to hurt, it will become susceptible to pests and diseases. And one more important factor - in the absence of pruning, the plant will not bloom enough, and with timely pruning, the maximum number of buds will form on the bush.
If you do not prune the tea rose in the fall, then in the winter the bush will freeze and die. The worst result of not being pruned is the transformation of the rose into a rose hip. This happens when the grafted shoots of the cultivated plant die, and the rootstock branches begin to grow from the root.
The photo on the left shows a rosehip shoot coming from the root, and on the right is the correct scheme for removing this branch.
It is necessary to correctly remove the branches of the rose hips from the very base. When the growth comes from the root, you need to clear it of the soil and find the place where this shoot begins. It is also necessary to regularly monitor the formation of new rosehip branches and remove them in a timely manner. If this is not done, the wild growth will weaken the bush, and over time it will die.
If you do not thin out the bush, leaving all the shoots on it, this can lead to disease. Poor light and airing will result in rose rust, powdery mildew, and black spot.
It may seem to a beginner that pruning the plant is optional, but this is not true. In the process of pruning, a bush is formed, this procedure is carried out every year. A properly cut tea rose will grow for a long time and delight the owner of the garden with lush flowering.
The flowers of the tea rose are formed on the shoots of the current year. Therefore, do moderate pruning every year. This is done to stimulate the formation of young shoots with flower buds. Remove two or three old stems from a mature shrub each year. This helps to rejuvenate the tea rose, improve its flowering.
Care and cultivation of a tea rose in the garden - video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ec42l22BzLE