Installing a toilet in the country according to all the rules: how to avoid problems with the law
A toilet in the country is a completely ordinary and primitive structure in construction, but even for its construction, certain requirements are provided. Mandatory conditions largely limit the owner of the site. In order to avoid problems with the law, you need to study how the toilet is installed in the country according to all the rules.
Where to place the toilet on the site
When creating a cesspool for waste, it is important to take into account the provisions of regulatory documents and recommendations that determine remoteness:
- The source of drinking water is at least 20 meters away. The footage is determined by the level of groundwater - the higher, the further. If the site is located on sandy or loose soils, you will have to look for a place at a distance of 50 meters. In the case of wetlands, the norms do not provide for the possibility of equipment cesspool.
- The distance from the toilet to the residential building is from 10 to 12 meters.
- The road is at least 5 meters away.
- When planting fruit trees, the recommendation to place a cesspool no closer than 4 meters should be taken into account.
- It is necessary to provide an opportunity for the entrance of a sewage truck.
- The location of the toilet in the country at a distance from neighbors is determined by the distance from the fence by 1-2 meters.
- It is worth examining the wind rose in order to avoid the spread of an unpleasant smell.
When determining the remoteness, not only real estate objects located on a given site, but also neighboring structures are necessarily taken into account.
How to equip a cesspool
Installing a toilet in the country according to all the rules is largely limited by the need to comply with the requirements when creating a cesspool. SanPin provides two designs for the drain tank. The possibility of their use is determined by the daily amount of wastewater.
The first is open. It is set up without a bottom, so some of the waste flows into groundwater. As a result: negative impact on water quality in nearby water bodies. Also, soil fertility indicators are partially deteriorating.
The second option is a closed type. It is safe to use, as it ensures the tightness of the drainage tank, but it requires a lot of investment and is more difficult to design. It is advisable to install in small areas.
In accordance with the SanPin norms, the arrangement of an open type of cesspool is possible if the total volume of waste does not exceed 1 cubic meter per day. Otherwise, the equipment of the second option is required.
Special attention should be paid to the construction of the lower part of the pit. When arranging the filter bottom, it is necessary to provide for the formation of:
- sand pillow;
- crushed stone pillow;
- stone interlayer using materials of different fractions.
If more than 4 adults live in a summer cottage, you will need to construct a multi-chamber pit or septic tank... This ensures greater environmental protection against waste toxins.
The legislation provides for a significant fine for a septic tank without a bottom, up to a court decision to liquidate the reservoir from the site, so it is important to comply with all the requirements of regulatory documents.
Installing a toilet in the country according to all the rules: conditions for objects without a cesspool
The provisions of the law provide for a restriction on the arrangement of a toilet with a standard drainage tank if there is a high water level on the site or rocky soils are located close to the surface.
To get out of such situations, you can use one of the similar structures that work according to different principles that do not require a cesspool.
The first option is a backlash closet
Its name is due to the presence of separate ventilation for the bathroom and cesspool. A sealed container is used instead of a pit. For maintenance, you need to use the services of a vacuum cleaner, which will periodically empty the cesspool.
The main disadvantage is the need to heat the container in winter to get rid of sewage.
The second is a powder closet
Its equipment is relevant in cases where the level of earthworks is in close proximity to the surface, which limits the owner in carrying out earthworks.
It is quite easy and inexpensive to equip such a toilet. The main difficulty is the small storage capacity (about 20 liters). Additionally, after each entry of feces into the tank, it is necessary to sprinkle them with dry peat to prevent the development of decay processes. In this way, unpleasant odors can be avoided.
After filling the container, the waste goes to the compost pit, where it is processed into fertilizer.
The third type is biotulet
The principle of operation is similar to a powder closet, since a peat mixture is used for waste processing. Additionally, special bacteria can be used as active elements.
One type of this option is a chemical toilet, which involves the use of chemicals. However, their cost is not always justified, so often the owners of the sites use chlorine.
But such a replacement is unacceptable, since chlorine is highly toxic. Therefore, strictly approved drugs should be used.
Do I need to register a toilet at a summer cottage
In accordance with the norms of civil legislation, real estate objects must be registered. This rule also applies to outbuildings erected on a land plot, be it a bathhouse, garage or a barn. However, toilets, sheds, showers and similar facilities do not require registration. This is due to the fact that only capital objects are subject to registration.
So, in order to avoid problems with legislation, when equipping a waste waste facility, it is important to make sure that the installation of a toilet in the country goes according to all the rules. Otherwise, you will have to pay a fine and demolish your building.