The main types and principle of action of acaricidal preparations for plants
Acaricidal preparations for plants are special biological or chemical agents designed to kill spider mites and other types of mites. They differ in their mechanism of action, composition and properties. Therefore, when choosing acaricidal agents to combat ticks in the garden, in the garden, in the field, vineyard or premises, it is necessary to take into account the difference and the intended purpose of the drug.
Acaricidal preparations for plants - classification
The main groups of acaricidal preparations for plants:
- Insectoacaricides are the most extensive group of agents affecting ticks and other insect pests. Such funds are based on organophosphorus compounds or inorganic sulfur.
- Acarofungicides - contribute to the destruction of not only ticks, but also fungal microorganisms.
- Specific acaricides - such drugs only affect arthropods. They have an ovicidal effect, destroying not only sexually mature individuals, but also pest eggs.
Acaricidal products for plants have a different form of release. They are produced in the form of liquid solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules, powders and pastes.
Insenctoacaricides
Insectoacaricidal preparations for plants represent the most extensive category of drugs with a wide range of effects. They destroy ticks, as well as other pests of various types.
Types of insectoacaricidal preparations:
- organophosphorus;
- synthetic pyrethroids;
- amidines;
- avermectins.
Organophosphate insectoacaricidal preparations are the most common pentavalent phosphorus-based agents that are effective against a wide range of insects. These agents have a systemic, neuroparalytic effect and are characterized by a low level of toxicity. The insectoacaricidal agent is effective against sexually mature individuals and larvae, but has no effect on eggs. These include drugs Karbofos, Actellik, Zolon.
Synthetic pyrethroids are preparations containing the chemically synthesized natural pyrethrin found in chamomile flowers. Pyrethroids affect the nervous system of the pest, causing paralysis and further death.
Amidines are drugs of chemical origin, which are derivatives of carboxylic acid. Such funds are highly effective, which does not deteriorate under the influence of environmental factors. One of the advantages of such drugs is the lack of resistance in pests, even with prolonged use.
Avermectins are a group of preparations of biological origin containing waste products of the radiant fungi Streptomyces avermitilis. It is they who have a toxic effect on ticks. Avermectins include Vertimek, Akarin, Fitoverm.
Acarofungicides
Acarofungicides are drugs that are effective not only against ticks, but also against fungal microorganisms. Such universal acaricidal additives are used for complex plant protection against pests and fungal diseases.
The main disadvantage of acarofungicides is the simultaneous destruction of not only ticks, but also beneficial microorganisms when used.
The most popular acarofungicides include colloidal or ground sulfur, which comes in the form of granules or powder.
Specific acaricides
A specific acaricidal agent against ticks works exclusively against these arachnids. The drugs are highly effective against adults, larvae, and tick eggs, helping to destroy the entire pest population.
The main types of specific acaricides:
- Tetrazines - are highly effective against ticks at any stage of development and are moderately toxic to humans and animals. Tetrazines include Apollo and Flumite.
- Benzylates are bormprolylate-based acaricides. Acts on both adults and their eggs. Provides a long period of protection, but degrades in water and soil. Benzylates include Neoron.
- Quinosolines are preparations of intestinal action that quickly destroy eggs, tick larvae, as well as adults. One of the most popular quinosolines is Demitan.
- Pyrazoles are acaricides based on fenpyroximate. This substance paralyzes and destroys the pest, regardless of the stage of its development. Ortus belongs to the pyrazols.
- Preparations based on sulfonic acids - such agents not only destroy adult ticks, but also inhibit the ability of females to reproduce viable offspring. Among the derivatives of sulfonic acids are Nissoran and Omite.
Specific drugs must be used for a limited period of time, since with prolonged use they destroy not only ticks, but also beneficial insects. Instructions for the use of acaricides recommends using them no more than 1 time throughout the season, otherwise pests may develop addiction to them.
Efficiency and rules for the use of acaricides
Acaricidal drugs have varying effectiveness, which depends on several factors. On average, the protective effect of such funds lasts up to 21-25 days; in hot, dry weather, this period is reduced.
Acaricidal preparations for humans can be toxic, therefore, when using them, you must follow the safety rules specified in the instructions.
Basic rules for the use of acaricides:
- The working solution must be prepared immediately before processing, since acaricides quickly lose their beneficial properties under the influence of oxygen.
- Processing of a garden or vegetable garden should be carried out in the early morning or late evening, in dry, warm and calm weather.
- Do not eat, drink or smoke when spraying.
- After completing the treatment with acaricides, wash all exposed areas of the body with soap and wash clothes.
- The optimum height for processing plants is up to 1.4-1.6 m above the soil surface.
Treatment of plants with acaricides must be carried out using personal protective equipment - tight, closed clothing, rubber gloves, a respirator, preferably a headgear.
Effective acaricidal drugs
In shops for gardeners and gardeners a wide range of acaricidal preparations is presented, designed to protect vegetables and grain crops, ornamental plants from ticks. All funds differ in composition, principle and scope.
When choosing an acaricide, one should take into account its effect on pests, the degree of toxicity, the characteristics of the treated plants and the degree of mite infestation.
Neoron
According to the instructions, Neoron is recommended for combating spider and gall-forming mites on apple trees, vineyards, ornamental flowers and fruit and berry bushes. This drug is highly effective and has a long period of protective action - up to 30 days.
To prepare a working solution, 2 ml of Neoron must be diluted in 1 liter of water and used for abundant watering of an infected plant. It must be processed carefully, soaking all leaf areas and the soil surface.
Demitan
Demitan is a highly effective phenazquine-based acaricide that quickly destroys spider mites and gall-forming mites on apples, pears, grapes and garden crops.
Demitan's instruction recommends using a solution of the drug at the rate of 1200-1500 liters per hectare of plantings. The agent is effective against ticks at any stage of development, the protective effect lasts up to 50-60 days.
Flumite
Instructions for use Flumite permits the use of this acaricide both against adult ticks and against larvae and eggs.
To prepare the solution, you need to dilute 2 ml of the product in 5 liters of pure water. Use to spray infected plants, trying to treat the leaf plates from all sides.
Acaricides are effective and fast-acting drugs designed to kill ticks in garden, horticultural, ornamental crops. When used correctly, in compliance with personal safety measures, such products will help protect the crop from pests and prevent their reappearance.