Top dressing of currants in the fall is a guarantee of a future harvest

 

Currants are in high demand, which is due to the plant's unpretentiousness to weather conditions, stable yield, size and juiciness of useful berries. A caring owner and a true connoisseur of healing fruits must create comfortable conditions and organize proper care for the perennial. One of the important agricultural techniques is feeding currants in the fall, which should be carried out according to all the rules.

The relevance of agrotechnical reception

At the end of the growing season and fruiting, the plant depletes the soil, taking away all the substances for its growth and development. After harvesting macro and microelements in the soil, a minimum amount remains, and they are extremely necessary for currants to resist the effects of low temperatures and viral diseases in winter.

Autumn feeding of currants will provide:

• lush flowering and abundant fruiting in summer;
• improving the quality of the crop;
• gradual restoration of strength and saturation of the weakened bushes with the necessary substances during the winter;
• resistance to frost, as well as immunity to viral, bacterial diseases.

Full dressing in the fall will allow you to get a high quality and quantity crop, since it is during this period that the laying of new generative buds begins.

Experienced gardeners believe that this agrotechnical technique makes it possible for currants to withstand cold weather, even without additional bending and covering the shoots for the winter.

What is the time frame for feeding currants in the fall

It is required to start feeding the shrub a year after planting, provided that it was carried out with the introduction of complex fertilizers of mineral and organic origin. It is important not to miss the moment and feed the currants in a timely manner, when the plant will need additional nutrition.

Top dressing of currants in the fall is regulated depending on the composition and quality of the soil on the site. If the soil is fertile and loamy, then one application every 2-3 years is enough. Sandy and sandy loam soils lose nutrients faster due to the porous structure. Therefore, it is recommended to apply fertilizer once every 1-2 years.

An effective feeding option is a combination of mineral and organic substances. To do this, after harvesting, it is recommended to feed the bush with organic matter. It is important to finish applying fertilizers before the beginning of October, which contain nitrogen. There is no longer any need to increase the green mass; root growth and plant resistance to cold weather become relevant.

In the period from the end of September to December, it is recommended to feed mineral fertilizers, giving preference to phosphorus, potassium. These substances break down in the soil only with the onset of frost and in winter they saturate the root system with nutrients. They will be quite enough before the beginning of the currant growing season in the spring.

In mid-October, you can add humus or droppings. Bury the first top dressing in the soil, and the second in November by the method of surface spreading.

All activities should be carried out before the onset of stable frosts. Fertilizers applied to the frozen soil will be poorly absorbed by the berry culture.

Fertilizers for currants

Fruiting not only weakens the plant, but also deprives the soil of many nutrients.To stock up on all the necessary compounds for the winter, withstand the cold and improve immunity, the culture will need a comprehensive diet.

For feeding, it is recommended to use purchased special fertilizers for the fall. This option is suitable for beginner gardeners. Experienced gardeners themselves prepare mixtures, solutions, using minerals, organics. They also resort to folk remedies, siderates for help.

Mineral complexes

In the autumn period, mineral fertilizers containing a large amount of potassium and phosphorus are especially important for currants. When choosing them, it is better to give preference to the following means:

1. Ammonium nitrate. This substance is able to increase the resistance of currants to negative factors, namely, sudden temperature fluctuations. And also to strengthen the response of the immune system to bacterial and viral diseases. To fertilize the plant, the granules should be diluted in water or poured dry into the soil. The optimal dosage of the drug per bush is 40-50 g.
2. Potassium salt. Will give the plant resistance to adverse climatic conditions, pest infestation. Sprinkle the product in the root zone and carefully dig up the near-stem circle so as not to disturb the root system. Then pour abundantly. Each bush should get 20-25 g of potassium salt.
3. Superphosphate. The tool improves the metabolism of the shrub, helps to increase yields in the next season, ensures the active development of the root system and resistance to various fungal diseases. Dilute fertilizer in the form of granules or powder in water, pour into the soil. Can be used in combination with other nutrients. The calculation is made depending on the concentration. Introduce simple superphosphate per 1 sq. m - 80 g of substance, and double - 40 g.

Mineral fertilizers should be applied carefully and prudently, their excess can lead to a violation of the upper fertile layer of the soil.

It is forbidden to apply nitrogen fertilizers in the autumn. Otherwise, you can provoke the formation of young shoots, which will weaken the bushes and die during frost. Also, the culture is extremely sensitive to chlorine, therefore, when choosing a mineral complex, you should make sure that this element is absent.

Organic matter

Organic, unlike mineral compounds, is part of the ecological chain and cannot damage the soil.

As such fertilizers are animal waste products (compost, humus), vegetable origin (peat, tops and sawdust):

1. Manure... Consists of a large amount of calcium and magnesium, it can reduce the acidity of the soil. After decomposition in the soil, it forms carbon dioxide, which improves the process of photosynthesis and heat transfer. Under each bush, it is necessary to add 2-3 buckets of real manure. Be sure to sprinkle the top with soil. Fresh fertilizer should not be used, as it can negatively affect the state of the root system.
2. Compost. The substance is formed as a result of the decomposition of organic substances, during which all pathogenic microorganisms die. Contains food waste, plant debris, wood chips and other biological debris. The composition does not contain heavy metals, nitrates and many harmful substances. Add 3-4 shovels of fertilizer under one plant. Then work the area with a rake, but do not bury the compost deeper than 10 cm.

Fertilizing plants with watering, otherwise the applied fertilizers will provoke root burns. Water consumption 10-20 liters per bush, depending on its size and age.

Folk remedies

Top dressing of currants in the fall involves the use of folk remedies invented and tested by gardeners. There are several effective recipes:

1. Ash. For quick ripening of fruits next year, it is better to feed with ash - a natural complex fertilizer. The amount of useful components depends on the origin of the ash.Coniferous wood is endowed with phosphorus, deciduous wood - calcium. In herbaceous plants and vines, potassium is abundant. Fertilizer is able to loosen the soil and change its acidity. Apply the substance in dry and dissolved form. For dry top dressing, you need to scatter 1 glass of ash per 1 sq. m., and for liquid - dilute 1 glass of ash in 10 liters of water, leave for 2-3 days and water at the rate of 0.5 buckets per bush.
2. Banana peel. This product is valuable as a source of potassium for berry crops. To make top dressing, you need to put the peel of 5 bananas in a bucket of water and let it brew for 2 days. Water the bushes with the resulting infusion. You can not bother making solutions, but grind banana skins and dig them into the ground of the trunk circle.
3. A solution of green mass and bread residues. This good remedy can be used as an additive to phosphorus-potassium formulations in the pre-winter time. To prepare it, fold nettles in layers in a container, drain, bread leftovers, fill with water and cover with a lid. In the process of fermentation, add new portions of herbs, bread in the ratio of 3 parts of greens to 7 parts of bread. Add water after the bookmarks. Infuse the solution for 20-25 days. Then strain it and moisten the soil of the trunk circle.

These simple tools will not only saturate the soil with nutrients, ensure rapid growth in the spring, but also save family money.

As an alternative to traditional organic substances, sow siderates (peas, lupine, vetch) in currant bushes. They will improve the quality and increase the fertility of the soil.

The classic scheme of autumn feeding

A popular method used by gardeners when fertilizing in the fall. The first feeding should be carried out closer to the third decade of September. Each bush should get 2/3 cup of potassium sulfate, 1/2 cup of superphosphate. Then pour abundantly. The second procedure falls on the last days of October, by introducing 0.5 buckets of rotted manure under each bush.

Each gardener must develop an individual feeding scheme, depending on the climate, soil type, plant development phase.

Fertilizing currants in the fall when planting

 

When planting and transplanting currants in the fall, they should be introduced into the planting pit:

• ½ a bucket of manure or compost;
• 2 tbsp. l. superphosphate;
• ½ tbsp. l. urea;
• 1 tbsp. l. potash fertilizer.

At the end of planting work, cover the soil with compost or manure. This will help in the fight against weeds, create a comfortable water and nutrient regime in the root layer.

Frequent mistakes in the autumn feeding process

The main mistakes that novice gardeners make:

• non-compliance with the timing of feeding;
• use of expired, low-quality complexes;
• incorrect dosage of fertilizers;
• uneven ground.

Before feeding the currants, it is important to read the advice of experts and follow their recommendations, then there will be no problems with the introduction of nutrients.

Valuable professional advice

Fertilization is a whole science. If you do this incorrectly, you can burn the bushes or their root system, spoil the harvest. There are some valuable tips from experienced gardeners to simplify and secure the process:

1. Before feeding, it is important to inspect the plant, check it for diseases, pests. The bush is weakened due to the fact that it suffers from harmful insects and infections, and many gardeners immediately begin to fertilize it, thinking that it lacks nutrition. In this case, an excess of nutrients can harm the plant. First, the bushes should be cured, and only then fertilized.
2. Before the procedure, water the currants to reduce the concentration of fertilizer and prevent burns on the shoots, roots.
3. Apply liquid formulations into a groove dug near the plant at a distance of 20 cm from the base of the bush.
4. Fertilizers for digging cannot be applied directly at the base of the bush.If strong, concentrated substances hit the root, they will leave burns. To make the product useful, add it at a distance of 15-30 cm from the base.
5. It is better to hold the event in the morning, in the evening, or in the afternoon in cloudy weather.
6. Components cannot be added in excess of the rate indicated on the label, an overabundance can slow down the perennial in development and even lead to its death.

These tips will help you avoid mistakes. It is enough to follow simple rules and not ignore the activities that will have a positive effect on the harvested crop next year.

If you take as much responsibility as possible to the application of fertilizers in the autumn period, then in response the currants will provide a high-quality harvest of useful fruits next season and decorate the garden with their appearance. Therefore, it is better not to neglect this important step in the care and not to leave the shrub for the winter without water and fertilizers.

Feeding currants in the fall using a stick-stick - video