Is it possible to repair the punch yourself
The repair of the hammer drill is difficult due to the layout of the units with mechanical interface and power unit. All parts have micronized tolerances and a verified sequence of actions. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure proper care and technical operation of the tool in accordance with the requirements of the instructions, thereby extending the overhaul period.
Punch device
There are few users of the instrument who have studied not only the order of pressing the levers and buttons, but also understand what happens in the mechanism as a result of the command received. Without knowing the interaction of the units, it is impossible to carry out even the smallest repairs to the hammer drill.
There are signs of malfunctions that relate to the power unit, and sometimes mechanical wear or damage to parts occurs.
Power section of a percussion instrument
Symptoms of malfunction requiring replacement of parts or repair of the rotary hammer in the power section may be as follows:
- when the device is turned on, the mains fuses are triggered;
- the device does not turn on;
- when working, smoke appears with a pungent odor;
- the device sparks during operation;
- turns are not regulated.
You can find the reason why the device does not turn on using a tester. You need to look for a gap in the scheme, from simple to complex. Check connections, clean contacts. The most difficult and expensive part that fails is the anchor of the hammer drill. This is the heart of the engine, made up of copper coils interconnected and held together by lamellas. In the event of a breakdown of insulation between the wires, a short circuit occurs anywhere, and the entire collector needs to be rewound or replaced.
To determine that the anchor on the hammer drill is defective, you can visually by the burnt winding, traces of smoke from the lamellas, or by testing for a short circuit. Damage can be eliminated by timely care, cleaning parts from dust, which is the root cause of all troubles. If sparking comes from the engine, the armature should be cleaned with an alcohol swab or a regular school rubber band to remove the graphite deposits from the manifold.
The second important part of the engine is carbon or graphite brushes. It is through the moving contacts that an electric charge enters the core, creating a torque induced by the EMF. The hammer drill brushes are the contact that connects the rotating collector to the power source.
The two elements always work in pairs. A carbon or graphite plate is pressed against the collector. As a result of constant friction against the rotating collector, the plates are abraded and the contact is broken. A symptom of a malfunction will be sparking in the manifold, possibly the engine is not revving. Regardless of the state of wear, both plates are changed simultaneously. Most tool models have brush wear indicators that warn the user ahead of time.
The rotations of the perforator may not be regulated due to a malfunction of the UUD, then it needs to be replaced, the device cannot be repaired.
Mechanical faults and their elimination
To find this or that malfunction, you need to get to the desired node. Any of the successively removed parts is carefully examined for the presence of:
- cracks;
- chips;
- burrs or scratches.
In most models, they are disassembled into two halves, but each of the hammer drills has its own characteristics. How to properly repair a punch with your own hands, watch the video:
A sign of a breakdown can be:
- refusal to perform a function;
- extraneous sounds inside the mechanism and excessive heating of the case;
- modes do not switch;
- grease flows.
Each of the signs can be the result of the breakdown of any of the parts that are removed in the sequence shown in the diagram. Assemble the tool in reverse order. Spare parts for perforator should be purchased according to the specification in the service manual.
One of the reasons for mechanical failure is often insufficient maintenance of the unit operating in difficult conditions. Preventive measures are not difficult, and the tool's life will be significantly lengthened. According to the rules of operation, it is necessary:
- renew the gear lubricant every six months;
- after 6 months, inspect and clean the brushes and the adjacent part of the collector;
- at the end of the working day, clean the puncher with a vacuum cleaner;
- remember to apply grease to the shanks of the slotting tool to seal against dust and prevent socket wear.
Do not exert physical effort when working with the rock drill, the firing pin and seals wear out, the operator becomes tired and irritated.
Aims and purposes of tool lubrication
Tool breakage is often caused by missing, deficient or inappropriate lubrication. Abrasive wear is reduced if all gaps and cavities are covered with an antifreeze layer and cleaning is carried out in a timely manner.
The type of gear lubricant is different from the shank formulation. Each manufacturer recommends using a specific hammer lubricant specified in the instructions at the required frequency.
There are general guidelines for all rock drills. Gearboxes should receive oil of a liquid consistency, poured into a special hole. For all units, without a doubt, you can use Bosh and Makita grease intended for gearboxes, which is what they do in service centers.
Incorrectly selected or excessively filled with grease can lead to overheating of the gear unit.
To lubricate the shanks of the working equipment, before inserting into the chuck, a thicker grease of the same manufacturers is used. In this case, the shank attachment point in the chuck and the firing pin are protected from working out. Filling all gaps with grease protects the unit from dust.
It is necessary to lubricate the places indicated in the instructions. And it is certainly harmful to add lubricant to the clutch. In the event of a sudden detection of a lack of lubrication in the gearbox, you can use the domestic composition, Litol-24 Lux, but lubricant is not suitable for cordless rock drills, even temporarily.
The device of the working unit and the equipment of the punch
The hammer drill has a chuck in which working tools are fixed. For professional heavy-duty rock drills, SDS max chucks only accept 18 mm shanks with five longitudinal grooves, which fit into the slot of the corresponding chuck profile.
The light to medium tool is equipped with an SDS plus chuck, which allows the use of a slotting tool with four longitudinal grooves and a 10 mm cross section. The hammer drill chuck is designed so that it can only accept tools intended for it. If you insert the wrong accessories, it will not fit into the socket, or it will be installed sideways. If you try to work, the attachment point will collapse. But the drills do not have a fluted shank. An attachment chuck is used, which is installed in the SDS profile. But the tool is lengthened. The chuck for the punch drill can be quick-clamping or key. The adapter is only used with the SDS + chuck, as the more powerful hammer drill does not have the function of drilling without hammering.
The puncher is a multifunctional tool.It can use modes:
- shock;
- percussion with drilling;
- drilling if there is a special chuck.
For work in shock mode, there are many devices used to facilitate manual labor.
Impact with drilling is performed only with the use of hammer drill bits:
- Boer;
- hollow crown;
- chipping blade.
Boer is called a tool that has a shank of a special profile, a working part, which is a screw and a tip made of special steel with a centering point. The destruction of the material occurs not by scraping, but by chipping off the rock. At the same time, an impact with a turn occurs, as a result of which the chipped pieces are removed along the helical surface of the working part.
Drills for a hammer drill are installed when working in a shockless mode. With this tool, the light hammer drill can work like a conventional wood drill. If necessary, the device can be used to tighten fasteners, if the reverse function is provided.
A hollow crown is needed to make straight through passages for cable routing or to create recesses in the body of the structure for installing devices. The crown creates an annular passage, leaving the column in the middle. Since the nozzle has a special toothed profile, the metal reinforcement in the concrete will render the torches unusable.
Recesses in the wall can be made with a special chisel blade, but the holes will not look as neat as those made with a crown.
Bouchard has long been considered a sculptor's tool. Craftsmen used forged and cross bush hammers. It is a hammer-like percussion instrument with a notched firing pin. With a forging bush-hammer, the sculptor cut off everything unnecessary from a stone block, and a cross shaped the stone.
When using one percussion mode, use with attachments:
- spatula or flat chisel;
- peak;
- channel chisel;
- bouchard.
The hammer blade is designed for leveling hard material surfaces. With the help of this equipment, you can remove tiles from the walls, remove irregularities from the surface of hardened concrete. Correction of some flaws when installing openings in multi-storey construction is carried out using this tool. The hammer chisel used in concrete comes in a variety of widths, depending on the application. Suitable for all rock drills. They also use specially created, narrowly directed nozzles - a chisel, a ramming plate or a mortar cutter.
When dismantling building structures, it is required to create a breaking force. For the destruction of a wall or partition, concentrated in one point, the impact of the peak is provided by the power of a perforator.
Bouchard presents a die-cast bit, a very durable sledgehammer. The bush hammer teeth are carbide-tipped, withstand high impact loads. Removing from the wall, stripping off a layer of concrete, knocking down a layer of rust from metal - this is the field of application of the bushard. If the walls are treated with this tool before plastering, reinforcement is not required. Cannot be used with a hammer drill in roll mode. The inevitable consequence will be jamming.
Rules to be followed
During work, the rock drill heats up quickly. In order to preserve the working capacity of the tool for a long time, it is necessary to take a break for at least 10 minutes after 20-30 minutes of work.
In the process, when spinning the tool idle, it is necessary to remove crumbs and dust, clean the punched hole in order to facilitate the work of the tool. When drilling holes with a large cross-section, they are first drilled with a thin drill, then with a medium one, making a hole in three steps. Long through passes must be drilled first with short nozzles, gradually replacing them with longer ones.
After work, it is necessary to put the punch and used nozzles in order. The instruments must be free of dust and stored dry in a container.