Choosing the best varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region

The Moscow region is located on an area of ​​300 km, and the conditions for gardening are different. Domodedovsky, Kashirsky, Stupinsky and a number of other gardens in the south-west and south-east are considered the most favorable for the cultivation of the garden. The soil there is almost ideal for fruit trees, the groundwater is deeply located, but apple varieties for the Moscow region should be zoned, that is, recommended for this area.

Conditions for gardening in the Moscow region

The climatic features of the Moscow region are constantly monitored by scientists. Warming has been clearly observed in the Moscow region since 1960. Winter comes a little later, winter temperatures are lower than average, frequent thaws in winter. This is due to many factors, including the activities of the metropolis. The maximum humidity is observed in the winter months, the total amount of precipitation is about 800 mm. However, more rain falls in the summer months than in other months. In general, the climate is favorable for gardening. The cultivation of the best varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region is carried out on farms and on personal plots.

Usually, a fruiting tree gives a large harvest every two years, sometimes more often. To have a year-round supply of a vitamin product, it is recommended to grow apple trees:

• winter varieties of ripening 50%;
• autumn varieties 30%;
• summer varieties 20%.

The taste and vitamin value of the fruit make this tree a universal source of useful products. The apple tree is desirable in every garden for its early maturity, winter hardiness and decorative effect. From August to November, harvesting is carried out if there are apple varieties in the garden for the Moscow region of three ripening periods. One of the defining indicators for the zoning of a variety is its frost resistance. At the same time, the taste of the fruits of the winter-hardy apple tree and the ability to ripen at different times should be preserved.

It remains a determining indicator - the roots of an apple tree tolerate a temperature of minus 20⁰... In severe winters, not only the roots, but also the trunks and branches of trees can be damaged. Last year's growth and young trees are suffering. Despite good keeping of low temperatures within certain limits, the garden can be severely damaged in severe winters with little snow.

An important quality is the early maturity of the variety, that is, the beginning of fruit formation in the first years after planting the seedling. Such trees are mainly dwarf-sized and standard varieties.

When laying a garden, it is required to take into account that apple trees are cross-pollinated plants. Therefore, there must be various trees, including tall pollinators.

The best varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region

Breeders have created hundreds of apple varieties of different ripening periods, taste, and crown formation. You can find the characteristics of each variety or hybrid of interest in the catalog. In the article, as examples, several of the best varieties of apple trees of the Moscow region will be presented in detail. Even the great breeder Michurin laid down the theory of creating zoned varieties and hybrids. The resulting new variety must carry characteristics that would ensure its survival in a particular area. For the Moscow region, he believed that dwarf varieties are the most acceptable. A representative of this selection is the Yabloko Zhigulevskoye variety, the description and photo of which are presented here.

Variety Zhigulevskoe

The Zhigulevskoe apple is a short and early-growing tree. It gives its first harvest 3-4 years after planting in a permanent place. This early-growing tree bears fruit every year when it is fed a balanced diet. This yield is achieved due to the developed root system. The main root is deepened, and the feeding area extends far beyond the near-trunk circle and amounts to 80 squares. The growth of young branches in this apple variety is also intense.

Apples of medium ripening are red-orange, large with a dense skin and can be stored until the end of winter under appropriate conditions. The characteristics of the variety are the requirements of agricultural technology. Planting such apple trees can be done compacted, and the fruits can be collected without using improvised means. At the same time, the yield of the tree increases every year. High groundwater does not affect the plant, which distinguishes dwarf trees from tall varieties of apple trees. The tree grows old early. Its life span is measured in two decades. In order for the tree not to deplete the supply of strength, not to weaken the immune system, in the spring it is necessary to regulate fruit formation, leaving the optimal amount of fruit on the branches.

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow

Another representative of Moscow gardens is the Grushovka Moscow apple tree. The tall pyramidal tree of folk selection Grushovka Moskovskaya was included in the catalog as a variety in 1797. The bark of this tree is yellow, the branches are red-brown. The fruits are not large, ripen in summer. The apple tree in bloom attracts admiring glances with its large pink flowers. Fruits are green when filled, later change color to yellow with a slight pink blush. Grushovka Moscow apples are fragrant, sweet and sour. Not everyone grows high-yielding, unpretentious trees with proven winter hardiness in the conditions of the Moscow region, since their apples, relative to other varieties, are small.

Uslada variety

Apple-tree Uslada is a representative of semi-dwarf early autumn varieties. The photo shows an apple tree of this variety aged 4 years. The variety was bred in 1961 by breeders of Moscow State University by re-crossing the apple of the People's variety and the Severyanka. The bark of the tree is gray, the branches are brown. Since the branches are prone to overgrowth, the tree must be shaped. The variety is characterized by early maturity and yield, but the apples are medium in size. They are slightly tapered red with crimson stripes. The fragrant sweet-sour pulp is pink in color and has a raspberry aroma closer to the skin. The variety is appreciated for its resistance to scab and winter hardiness. A very productive variety, but if the crown is thickened, the fruits are uneven in size.

Variety Chudnoe

You can taste the fruits of the Chudnoye variety, apple trees of Chelyabinsk breeders in any climatic zone where fruit trees grow. It is a natural dwarf that can be called a self-supporting variety. The branches grow horizontally at a height of no more than one and a half meters. They are grafted onto a dwarf stock or seedlings. The apples are yellow, weighing up to 200 grams, sweet and sour with a pleasant taste. The fruits ripen for the Apple Savior and are stored for a month. The apple tree begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting in a permanent place. The variety has good winter hardiness. The tree is resistant to scab and is very responsive to feeding. The fight against aphids on this type of apple tree should be carried out systematically.

Apple tree Shtrifel

The apple stem is one of the ancient varieties that came from the Baltic states. The variety is valued for the yield and taste of the striped raspberry fruit and for the beauty of the tree, see for yourself. Large, beautiful apples of autumn harvest look stunningly beautiful. The apple tree Shtrifel on which they grow has a powerful spreading crown.

When harvesting, the thick branches withstand the picker, who climbs to the top for the most delicious fruits. The tree spreads its crown 8 meters in diameter and grows up the same amount.Apple tree Strifel quickly recovers after frosty winters. The tree begins fruiting in the ninth year, the peak yield at 15 years. The tree is not resistant to scab and others diseases.

Medunitsa variety

Description of the apple tree Medunitsa you should start with the fact that this variety can be a godsend for inexperienced summer residents. It is resistant to scab and rot and tolerates the proximity of groundwater. Summer fruiting, at the end of August. Flat-rounded 100-gram apples have a cream-colored pulp. The variety got its name for the honey taste of the fruit. The tree is broad and prone to overgrowth. Therefore, an annual competent pruning is required. Fruiting begins in the fourth year and the tree bears fruit for up to 60 years, gradually reducing yield. The fruits are stored for up to two months after harvest at the end of August.

Orlinka variety

Apple Orlinka, its description and photo completes the selection of the best varieties of apple trees that can bear fruit in a continental climate. This variety is distinguished by increased winter hardiness of both the root system and skeletal branches. But it should be especially noted the very high resistance to scab. The tree is early-growing, the first harvest gives already in the fourth year. The variety is distinguished by extended ripening of fruits. The first apples can be tasted in August, the last in October.

Apple tree care tips - video