Potato cultivation technology
With the seeming unpretentiousness of the potato, it responds very well to the quality of the soil, top dressing. With the observance of agricultural technology and the use of new yielding varieties, it may not be possible to collect a ton from a hundred square meters from a home agronomist, but getting 18-20 full-weight tubers from each bush will become real. To do this, you need to know how to get a good potato crop. Read also:potato gratin in the oven - a recipe with a photo step by step.
Plant development periods
- pre-planting tubers and planting;
- period before flowering;
- cessation of the development of the bush;
- wilting and drying of the plant.
Each of these periods requires its own harvest accumulation technology. What potatoes have in common is that this plant requires a loose, evenly moist soil during the first three stages of development. To ripen the crop, excess moisture in the soil can affect the safety of the tubers during storage.
Spring chores
Preparation of the land is very important for harvesting. Sowing green fertilizers will be the best for summer residents (siderates) and embedding them in the soil in the fall. In the spring, it is required to prepare well a layer of soil of 30 cm. It is here that a large mass of the root system is concentrated. It is during this period that weed control on potatoes begins, and it continues throughout the season.
Potatoes should be planted in warm soil.... A sign that the soil is ready is the blooming of a pretty penny birch leaf. You cannot be late with planting, you need to use maximum solar activity for the development of the bush. For additional supply of the tuber with strength for rapid vegetation, it can be soaked in an ash solution, EM-1 Baikal preparation.
The frequency of potato rows depends on the ripening period of the potatoes. For an early crop, the distance should be at least 60 cm and the distance between the holes is maintained at 30 cm. Potatoes do not tolerate shading and will begin to stretch towards the sun to the detriment of the harvest. When planting potatoes, fertilizers are applied to the hole for rapid development, taking into account the nature of the soil. However, in any case, a handful of humus, a spoonful of ash and a teaspoon will not hurt. kemiras for potatoes. You can also add a handful of onion peels to the hole. If there is scab on the site, sphagnum moss copes well with it, which is also added to the hole. It is better to prepare the starting soil filling in advance by thoroughly mixing all the components than to feed the potatoes.
The entire prepared mixture in the hole should be thoroughly mixed with the ground, and then put the sprouted tuber sprouts up.
In two weeks, the first seedlings of young plants will appear. At this time, it is best to get rid of the noxious weeds that will begin to sprout after the potatoes. How to weed a potato when it is not yet eaten? If you do not want to constantly weed the field and compact the ground with your feet, you can apply an herbicide against weeds on lapis lazuli potatoes. Once, before sprouting or when they first appear, and the field will be clean all summer. No grueling potato weed control required.
Avoiding germination and before flowering
In the first period of growing green mass and a set of buds, the potato lays the number of nodules. Therefore, there is a rule: if you want to have a lot of tubers, you need to water the potatoes in the first half of summer. And if you want to have large tubers, then moisture is required until mid-August.
If the soil is well filled with organic matter, green manure from autumn and into the hole when planting, then in addition to moderate glaze potatoes do not need anything without waterlogging. One has only to carry out foliar processing for feeding with micronutrient fertilizers for the best taste of future tubers. But if the marginal burn of the leaves, yellowness or dots begins, then feed the potatoes, the earlier, the faster the result will be seen.
You should know that nutrition begins to act through the roots in two weeks, and through the leaves in three days. The best will be foliar dressing in cloudy weather or in the evening, so that the leaves do not get sunburn.
We ensure the yield and taste of potatoes
How to feed potatoes in summer? Several foliar dressings should be carried out during the season. To do this, you can use extracts from superphosphate, ash solution, EM-1, and ready-made preparations, such as:
- raikat;
- kelik;
- solyukat.
They contain a balanced composition of nutrients that potatoes need during this period.
So, top dressing with the use of Raikat fertilizer stimulates the development of bushes. And good photosynthesis is the key to the future harvest. Raikat, used to enhance starchiness and taste, is applied even at the last stage of plant development. It promotes the rapid outflow of nutrients from the tops to the tubers.
Kelik, a fertilizer based on potassium and a balanced composition of trace elements. Potassium is responsible for the taste of the tuber. Therefore, ash at any stage of development cannot interfere with the plant.
Solucat, in addition to 40% potassium and 28% phosphorus, contains sulfur, magnesium boron. These trace elements are essential at all stages of plant development. How to get a good potato crop? Scientists say that a plant produces crops depending on the presence of the least amount of necessary substances in the soil. That is, if there is a deficiency of some element in the soil, then the harvest will depend on it.
One should not forget about the treatment with fungicides at the end of July and beginning of August in order to contain the appearance of late blight. If the soil retains moisture at a depth of 10 cm, the plants in mid-August have a healthy green mass, which means that the harvest has already been provided with care. It remains to protect the garden from excessive moisture in September and wait for the tops to dry.
The potato field must be prepared in the previous autumn by sowing green manure and embedding it in the soil.
Spring feeding when planting in a hole and several foliar treatments in summer will help to compensate for the removal of missing elements. The field must be free of weeds and moderately moist. High strokes of potato rows create better conditions for root development and tuber formation.