How to grow and propagate a multi-row fern
The vernacular fern is a common plant that can often be found in deciduous and coniferous forests of the Northern Hemisphere. The genus includes 200 varieties, many of which are endowed with unique beauty and decorative appearance. The plant can be used for indoor and garden cultivation. But in order for it to be healthy, beautiful, strong and not hurt, it is important to know the main features of cultivation.
Short description
It has the following external qualities:
- The plant has a large rhizome with a thick structure.
- With active growth, the fern root system begins to grow in a horizontal position with a single growth point.
- The leaves have a rigid structure, they form a funnel-shaped rosette that extends from the root area.
- The leaves are arranged on small petioles, which have a pointed and pinnately dissected shape.
- The foliage surface is shiny with a dark green color, with white stripes on it.
Even in winter, the color of the fern leaves does not change. In the lower zones, in spores, spores grow, which can be located in one or several rows.
Growing conditions
Growing a fern fern is considered easy. Caring for it is quite simple, even if the flower is removed to a far and dark corner, it will still grow normally. Watering it is required in moderation, but top dressing should not be applied often. And these are not all the features of growing a fern.
Features of lighting, temperature and humidity
Before planting a fern, you need to find a convenient and suitable place. Under natural conditions, this species prefers to grow in the shade of trees, shrubs, high thickets. For this reason, at home, it should be placed in a dark corner; in partial shade, it fully develops.
During the winter season, the fern may lack sunlight, which can negatively affect its appearance. To fix this, it is necessary to periodically direct a lamp to the plant.
You should definitely pay attention to the important features of temperature:
- In the summer, the plant will feel great at a temperature of +200 FROM.
- If the room in which the plant is grown, the temperature readings are higher than 240 C, then the multi-rower is moistened with a container with a spray bottle. Heat and increased dryness have a negative effect on the condition of the fern.
- In the winter and autumn seasons, the optimal temperature regime will be from +15 to +160 FROM;
Particular attention should be paid to the humidity in the room with the flower. It should be tall. If the air is dry, then the fern will begin to wilt, its decorative qualities deteriorate. It is advisable to spray it several times with settled water.
Capacity and soil requirements
The soil used to grow the fern should be slightly acidic. The most suitable option would be a mixture with the addition of peat, leaf and sod land, it is also worth adding sand to it and humus... The base must have water permeability, it must have a loose structure.
For planting, it is recommended to use a medium-sized container, in which the root system can grow freely. It is advisable to choose pots in which water will not stagnate. Otherwise, the fern will get sick and later die.
How to plant a multi-row fern - breeding methods
Before planting a plant, you should carefully study the reproduction of ferns. At home, this process can be done in several ways - by spores, dividing the bush and rhizome cuttings.
Features of planting by dividing the bush
Planting by dividing the bush is an affordable way. But what the fern reproduces in this case, many may not know. Usually, young root rosettes are used for these purposes. When separating it, special care should be taken so as not to damage the adult plant.
It is recommended to use a medium pot with enough soil for planting. The room must have a high level of humidity. Otherwise, increased dryness can lead to the death of the fern.
Propagation by rhizome cuttings
Propagation by rhizome cuttings is considered a reliable and effective method, which almost always allows you to grow a strong and beautiful plant. For him, a fern seed or a rosette is used, which arises near the main bush.
The rosettes are carefully separated from a small part of the rhizome, and then they are planted in pot... After the appearance of a young bush, greenhouse conditions should be organized. Carrying out these actions does not always ensure the survival of the plant, but nevertheless this method of reproduction is considered the simplest and easiest.
Features of reproduction by spores
Spore propagation is an unsuitable method for home use. This process is very painstaking and difficult. Experienced growers rarely use it because it is ineffective.
How often to water the multi-rower
Ferns like to grow in moderately moist soil. For this reason, it is recommended to periodically moisten the soil, spray it with water from a spray bottle. This will ensure normal growth and development of the plant.
In winter and autumn, it is recommended to water the plant one or two days after the soil dries up. For irrigation, it is required to use settled water at room temperature. Excessive moisture can kill the fern.
In summer and spring, watering the plant is required after the soil dries up on the surface. Watering can be done in one day. It is regularly required to wash the leaves from dust; for these purposes, it is recommended to use a container with a spray bottle.
Cultivation of a multi-rower is a simple process that does not require much effort. The main thing is to know the features of care, the correct selection of capacity and soil. In order for the plant to quickly take over and adapt, do not forget about the main methods of reproduction, which are great for home conditions.