Is it possible to prepare compound feed for pigs with your own hands
Pig breeding is an effective way of obtaining marketable products in a short time. Compound feed for pigs is made according to a recipe developed according to the physiological norm of nutrient intake. Dairy and fattening piglets, uterus and boars require different compound feed. The composition of the product is balanced and produced according to GOST R 52255-2004 for mixed feed and GOST R 51550-2000 for concentrates.
Feed ingredients and their properties
- any grains, when eaten, give energy to animals;
- legumes, meal, flour are protein sources and are needed to build muscle;
- bran, hay, rough roots contribute to the good work of the digestive tract;
- waste of animal products - whey, fish, animal by-products increase the nutritional value of feed, add the necessary amino acids and vitamins;
- trace elements, vitamins, minerals.
Distinguish between complete feed (PC) and concentrate feed (CC).
CC is used as an additive to other feeds, it contains only proteins and minerals and trace elements. PC contains a full range of nutrients and only water for drinking is required to meet the needs of animals. The composition of the pig feed is different:
- for suckling piglets;
- under the age of 1.5 months;
- for piglets up to 8 months;
- for fattening before slaughter;
- for boars;
- for queens during the feeding period.
Usually there are 7-9 components in compound feed, not counting vitamins and minerals. A feed manufacturer may not always be able to manufacture a formulation that strictly applies the listed components. In one group, he has the right to replace components, but so that the energy value of the food does not suffer and the animal receives all the necessary substances in the right proportion.
An example of how ingredients are replaced while maintaining the value and nutritional value in accordance with GOST.
The analysis shows, in comparison with the compound feed for pigs according to GOST, that in fact the nutritional value is maintained by adding feed yeast instead of meat and bone meal. The important proportions of minerals are met.
The compound feed must be stored in a dry place. A musty smell or moldy lumps in the bag should be the reason for rejection.
The standard allows replacing ingredients. The delivery document must indicate the complete composition of the pellets and the nutritional value of the feed. Bookmarks for recipes for pig feed are standard:
- nutritional value, which is reflected in the table;
- grind size of cereal components - small, medium, large;
- the size of the granules depending on the age of the consumer.
Depending on the daily physiological need, a recipe has been developed for livestock from 3 days of age to slaughter.
Feed consumption per pig
The consumption standard has been developed for all ages, depending on the need for a particular composition in a certain period of growth, in different periods of fattening, as well as for broodstock.
How much compound feed a pig eats per day depends on its age, weight and feeding purpose.So, if an adult sow is in the first stage of pregnancy, it is impossible to overfeed her, she will get fat, and therefore she receives 2.5 kg of the SK-1 composition, the pregnant sow is fed with a maximum rate of 3.5 kg per day. The suckling pig is put on SK-2, in an amount of 2 to 6.5 kg. And so feed tables are compiled for each head on the farm. For bacon production, the share of feed in the cost price is the most significant indicator.
How much compound feed for pigs costs depends on the components used and the presence of premixes and vitamins in the composition. The faster the piglet grows to marketable weight, the cheaper the maintenance will be. To feed a mumps to slaughter at six months of age, 350 kg of compound feed will be required, taking into account the loss of 15 kg.
The amount was formed from the need:
- up to one and a half months, a piglet needs 10.5 kg of the Bogatyr mixture;
- by two months, the piglet will eat another 24 kg of SK-2;
- the third month, 54 kg of the SK-3 mixture is needed for feeding the pigs;
- 4 months will require 70 kg of SK-4;
- 5 month - SK-5, 83 kg;
- 6 month for fattening before slaughter SK-6, 94 kg.
It is impractical to keep livestock prepared for marketable products longer.
The feed for fattening pigs in the last period contains more protein supplements to increase muscle mass. The taste of pork depends on the composition of the compound feed, all additives with a smell, like fish meal, are removed from it. At the same time, compound feed for fattening for bacon and for obtaining fat differ in composition - KK-56 and KK-58.
Is it possible to make compound feed yourself
The complete composition of the compound feed was developed by scientists and is not a trade secret. Every pig breeder can create compound feed on the farm. There is only one condition, all components in the mixture must be present. If the farm has land to provide livestock with fodder, then own compound fodder will be cheaper and more useful.
It is necessary to prepare the mixture using crushing of grain and other solid large components. Surely a hand crusher has been rusting on the farm for a long time. This prefabrication requires a dry product that is light in weight and easy to transport. At home, food can be:
- dry, reminiscent of the factory, with a moisture content of 14%;
- crumbly dry, but the hands feel heaviness and moisture;
- moist crumbly consists of 50% water;
- mushy, thick and liquid;
- the consistency of thin and thick soup.
Of course, this takes into account the age for which meals are prepared. Weaners and suckers are fed with soup when feeding. The cooking rule excludes steaming of the components, they lose useful substances. The addition of premixes will improve the digestibility of the compound feed.
It is better to prepare compound feed yourself in small portions. Drying the granules at home is problematic. For feeding piglets and queens, grinding should be medium, for feeding for slaughter - large.
One of the recipes for compound feed for pigs with their own hands looks like this:
- sunflower seed cake - 80 g;
- alfalfa flour - 160 g;
- crushed barley grain - 400 g;
- oats - 300g;
- meat and bone meal - 120 g;
- salt - 10 g, chalk - 20 g.
In this case, all the grain, large inclusions are crushed. If the pig is being slaughtered, use a coarse mixture. For broodstock, the grind should be medium. Everything is finely crushed, mixed and a premix is added at the rate of 100 g per kilogram of mash. You can pass the prepared mixture through a granulator, and the feed will be more convenient to eat. At home, root vegetables can be added to the prepared composition. It is most effective to use the factory and home composition in equal proportions.