Wooden houses: beauty of style and high comfort

Wooden houses in the northern regions still do not lose their former popularity. In addition to unique architectural solutions, they are attracted by environmental friendliness, reliability and special comfort. Modern technologies for processing wood and logs allow you to build high-quality houses with an extraordinary beauty finish.

Wooden house designs are very diverse. Logs, beams and individual parts can be processed in different ways. Improving performance is achieved by coating their surfaces with special reagents - antiseptics. The products protect wooden buildings from fungi, various types of mold and rot. Fire-resistant solutions - anti-fires, during a fire will protect walls, door and window blocks, beams from fire for a certain time. They are applied directly to the wood and then covered with a layer of paint or varnish, applying a primer. With the help of insecticidal solutions, wooden houses can be protected from bugs and other insects.

What species of trees are usually used to build housing

Regardless of the terrain and time of year, the construction of wooden houses requires the correct selection of materials, taking into account all its characteristics and personal preferences of the owners.

Wooden houses from pine

Its wood has a pronounced grain pattern. Its density, and therefore strength, is considered appropriate for the building to be warm and strong. Moreover, the price category of such buildings is low.

It is customary to build houses from pine in the winter, which reduces the likelihood of fungal diseases of wood.

Moreover, if work has been done in advance to ensure its protection. Pine is usually used in the construction of structures and exterior decoration of houses. The resin passages are located not only in the bark, but also in the wood, which, even covered with a layer of varnish, exudes a pleasant smell.

Spruce wood

The building material is light, with a slight yellowish tint. Growth rings are visible on any cut. The tree does not have a well-defined core. Spruce is used for the manufacture of lumber (boards, beams), plywood, laminated veneer lumber, veneer, chipboard, fiberboard.

In the construction of wooden houses, spruce is used in the construction of roofs, frames of walls and ceilings, and interior cladding. The number of knots is greater than that of pine.

Siberian larch

Siberian larch wood has many advantages. It retains heat well in the house even in severe frosts. It absorbs moisture poorly, therefore it is suitable for construction in regions with high rainfall and high humidity. It is not damaged by insects and other pests.

Larch wood is more fire resistant than pine wood. Thanks to the originality of the wood pattern, it looks very decorative.

It has a positive effect on the human body and pets living in the house. But over time, the wood becomes very strong. It is quite difficult to make repairs in such a house, and it is no longer so easy to hammer a nail into the wall.

Strong oak

Houses built of oak are considered the most reliable and strong:

1. The buildings are not exposed to moisture.
2. The core of the tree is very strong.
3. Oak lives for a long time, more than one hundred years, since it is not affected by pathogens.
4. Due to its dense structure and the presence of special substances, oak wood does not rot, therefore impregnation with antiseptics is not required.
5. Oak does not burn well. Anti-perennial treatment will allow the structure to be preserved as much as possible in case of fire.

However, due to the large weight of oak logs, the house will need a powerful enough foundation.

Cedar

Due to the considerable height of cedar trees, they are the best material for building large houses. Shades of wood from light yellow to amber, with a slight touch of pink. The wood is relatively lightweight, with a soft structure that can be processed, so home furnishings can be done in any style that suits you.

Benefits of log houses

Coniferous trees are most often used to build houses.

It is they who can provide high quality construction, taking into account their important properties:

1. The presence of resin passages and pockets (sernits) eliminates the possibility of decay. This significantly increases the service life of the building.
2. Low hygroscopicity is an important advantage over many deciduous trees.
3. The relatively low weight allows savings in the construction of the foundation.
4. The trunks are straight, a small number of branches makes it possible to increase the length of the logs.

Wooden houses are built mainly from pine, larch and spruce. Most valued is the wood of trees grown in areas with a harsh climate.

Due to poor conditions, their growth slows down greatly, the wood becomes dense and does not crack during the operation of buildings.

In modern house projects, two types of logs are used - hand-cut and rounded. In the first version, the craftsmen process the logs by hand, use axes, planers and chainsaw... They remove only bark and bast, so all the valuable properties of this building material are preserved. The standard diameter is 24 cm or more.

Rounded logs are made on special woodworking machines. The finished products have the shape of a regular cylinder, which simplifies their installation and increases the decorative effect of the walls, both external and internal. The standard size of such logs for houses in Central Russia is more than 24 cm in diameter.

Projects of wooden houses from logs are distinguished by a great variety and operational reliability. One-storey dwellings, 1.5-storey and two-storey ones, with terraces and mansards, balconies, verandas are very popular among the population.

Houses made of wood from a bar

The construction of houses from profiled timber attracts the attention of not only private developers, but also many travel companies.

These dwellings have a number of advantages over other low-rise buildings made of foam concrete blocks, bricks and even logs:

1. The shortest construction time. They are harvested in just a few weeks, while other materials can take months to build.
2. Ability to do without interior decoration or use a block house, lining.
3. They do not affect the environment. The timber naturally regulates the level of humidity in rooms and other areas. Due to good insulation, it allows maintaining the desired temperature in them with minimal cost.
4. Affordable prices - depend on the cost of building materials, small time costs for performing various technological processes and operations.

Timber houses are light enough and do not require the construction of a massive deepened foundation, which significantly reduces their overall cost.

Residential buildings and cottages, outbuildings and even baths are erected from high-tech glued beams (structural wall). Since the walls appear almost monolithic, exterior and interior decoration may not be required. In most cases, painting is done.

Russian terem

Terem is a construction house by its nature, consisting of several (up to eight) stands or huts. In the old days, the tower was the upper living quarters.In the old days, these could be rich merchants, nobles and even peasants. The base of the hut is made up of a frame - "tied" logs. Previously, when building houses, they tried not to use nails.

The variety of exteriors is the strong point of Russian-style houses. For decoration, wood carving is usually used.

The house itself is rarely higher than two floors, especially if the construction of the estate is not planned. But this is a different style with its own more conservative features.

Among the advantages of the tower are:

1. Perfect microclimate. Since the main material is wood, the house will have an optimal level of humidity. The porosity of the material allows air to pass through the logs, which means that there will be no lack of oxygen either. When using softwood in construction, the interior will be protected from most pathogenic microbes, since this type of tree releases phytoncides that are deadly to most pathogenic organisms.
2. The aesthetics of Russian towers also refers to their merits.
3. Houses made of wood warm up better than brick counterparts. In addition, it also lasts longer.
4. Such dwellings attract residents of megalopolises who want to live outside the "concrete box".

It is worth considering some disadvantages:

1. Increased fire hazard. Since the house is built of wood, special fire treatment is required to minimize the potential chance of fire. But even this does not provide complete protection.
2. A wooden house requires much more maintenance, it is quite difficult to keep it in good condition all the time, unlike stone and brick counterparts.
3. When building wooden houses, it takes time for the building to shrink after construction. The only exception is if high-quality glued laminated timber was used during the construction. Shrinkage also occurs during operation, which does not have a very good effect on the condition of the house.
4. Wood is not the cheapest material, just like the construction process itself.

Despite all this, the popularity of towers continues to grow now.

Exterior features

Among the main features of the exterior of the towers are the following:

• Only natural materials are used in construction: wood and natural stone. Moreover, in some cases, the latter is artificially aged and used very limitedly, mainly for finishing the basement.
• The active use of carved elements.
• Special stacking of logs "in the field", in this case, the logs are placed in such a way that their edges protrude strongly at the corners of the house.
• Stairs in several flights, as well as massive, volumetric columns on open terraces.

Also, the towers usually have a simple gable roof.

Timber frame houses

If the frame house is built in compliance with the technology, its service life will be long. However, if you plan to live in it permanently, you should install a ventilation system. One of the most important advantages of a frame dwelling is considered to be incredibly fast construction. A team of three craftsmen will build it in a month. And if you add time to laying the foundation and finishing work, it will take no more than two months.

Frame houses have several advantages:

• construction technology is notable for its availability and low cost, therefore it is considered the most common in many countries of the world;
• no need for periodic renovation of facades;
• shallow foundationthat increases the speed of construction, and reduces overall costs;
• low thermal conductivity;
• the house can withstand freezing and defrosting cycles without any problems, it is not required to maintain a constant temperature in it;
• the ability to lay communications in the walls and increase the aesthetic appeal of the interior;
• due to the absence of shrinkage, immediately after the end of construction, external and internal finishing work can be started;
• seismic resistance - houses can withstand earthquakes up to 9 points, which is why they are often built in Japan.

The frame house is environmentally friendly. Wood construction, OSB boards, gypsum plasterboards (GKL), insulation and mineral wool do not pose a threat to human health.

How wooden houses are built - video