Apple varieties - the best fruits for every taste and color

Apple varieties have a wide range and can satisfy the sophisticated needs of the most demanding gardener. With a scarlet blush or deep red, white, burgundy and even green ... All apples are delicious in their own way. Some will delight you with a high sugar content, others with a pleasant sourness, and others with a juicy pulp. We bring to your attention a short selection of famous and delicious varieties for your garden.

Types of apples

Perhaps this garden culture can be called one of the most diverse. And it's not just about the color of the fruit, its size or taste. What kinds of apples are there depends on several factors.

The most commonly used classification is by maturity:

1. Early, they are also summer, varieties from which you can harvest in the month of July. They are only grown for fresh consumption or further processing. The maximum shelf life of fruits is on average only 3 weeks. Therefore, summer apples are not suitable for long-term storage.
2. Autumn varieties that ripen in September. These apples can already be stored for 3 to 5 months.
3. Winter varieties that yield in late autumn. They are distinguished by the best keeping quality, can be stored in proper conditions until summer. The description of apple varieties would be incomplete if one does not mention their one more advantage - high winter hardiness.

If early apples are picked only after full ripeness, then autumn and winter apples can be removed at the half-ripeness stage. During storage, they "reach".

In addition, apple trees are distinguished into a separate group, which begin to bear fruit already in the third year of planting the seedling. They are also called early, meaning the early maturity of the variety. Unlike early summer apples, these apples are stored for a long time, some species even lie until next fall.

Early ripening apple varieties

Summer apples will delight you with the first vitamins. They ripen before anyone else in the apple orchard. Such fruits on the market are still not cheap, so every gardener strives to have at least a few summer varieties. They deservedly received recognition as the healthiest varieties of apples. Firstly, apples from the market are often imported, imported products, which increases their price. And secondly, we know for sure about homemade fruits that they are natural, without chemicals. The same cannot be said, for example, about Polish or Turkish apples. They are often treated with special preparations to increase transportability and shelf life.

By the way, this is the only disadvantage that early varieties of apple trees have. They are tasty, juicy, and can be yellow, white, green or red. But they are grown exclusively for consumption or processing.

Early apple varieties begin to ripen in July. Most summer apples are ripe for picking in the month of August.

Some of the most beloved early apple varieties are:

• White filling;
• Grushovka Moscow early;
• Williams Pride.

White filling

A domestic old variety, is the parent for many new apple trees. One of the earliest species: in the southern strip, the crop is harvested in the second decade of July. It grows even in Siberia, however, the ripening period there comes a month later. The tree is medium-sized, about 5 m high, with a rounded spreading crown. The leaves have long petioles, for which the variety is also called Dolgostebelka. The fruits are large, slightly conical in shape, weighing 150 g. The skin is thin, sour, but the flesh itself is sweet and juicy, white.As it ripens, the fruits turn white.

White filling is distinguished by its lifespan. Even after reaching 70 years, he continues to produce a crop, although the size of the fruits becomes 2 times smaller.

Grushovka Moscow early

The variety has long and firmly withstood competition even with modern hybrids. One of the oldest representatives of summer apples, characterized by high frost resistance. The pear grows even in the northern region, withstanding frosts up to 50 °. The tree is powerful, up to 7 m high, with a rounded crown. Fruiting at 4 - 5 years of age, if grafted on a dwarf stock, and at 6 years - with a stock for wild. The variety is self-fertile. The best pollinators for him will be White filling, Anise striped and Candy.

The fruits ripen in early August. The apple is small, flattened, rounded, like a turnip. The skin is yellow, painted with orange-red strokes. The pulp is also yellowish, sweet, juicy, but loose, with a characteristic apple flavor.

The Grushovka apple variety is unstable against fungal diseases. Poorly tolerates prolonged drought.

Williams Pride

One of the best early summer varieties of American breeders with excellent characteristics. The tree is quite tall, from 5 m high with a wide oval crown. But on a dwarf rootstock, its height is quite compact and does not exceed 3 m. Fruiting is regular and abundant, the ovary is formed already at the 3rd year of planting. The variety has high winter hardiness and resistance to diseases, including moniliosis. At the same time, it does not tolerate heat well.

The fruits ripen in July, but unevenly. Apples are usually not very large, but beautiful and tasty. At the beginning of ripening, they are yellow - green with red stripes. At the stage of removal, they become almost purple. The pulp is firm, crispy, sweet, with a slight tart note and an amazing aroma. It is noteworthy that among the summer varieties, Williams stands out for its longer shelf life. Fruit can last for a month if you find a place for them in the refrigerator.

Williams Pride is a self-fertile apple tree. The best pollinators for her will be Melba, Golden Delicious, Papirovka.

Autumn ripening apple varieties

If the early apples are used for food and conservation, then the autumn ones can already be sent for storage. They have different ripening periods, but in general they fall in the month of September. Such varieties are stored for up to 3 months, and some even longer. And most of them have increased resistance to low temperatures and their changes. The later the apples ripen, the longer they stay. But the description of the varieties of some apple trees even says that you need to harvest the fruits half-ripe. They will reach during storage and will remain firm and juicy until the New Year.

From autumn varieties, you can plant the following apple trees:

• Glory to the Winners;
• Rozhdestvenskoe;
• In memory of Isaev.

Glory to the Winners

An early autumn old variety bred by Ukrainian breeders by crossing Macintosh and Papirovki. I received a high yield and frost resistance from my parents. This allows apples to be grown even in the northern regions. The tree itself is vigorous, with a pyramidal crown. In the south, it begins to bear fruit from the age of 3. In cooler climates, the first crop appears in the 5th year of planting.

Ripening dates also depend on the growing region. In the middle lane, apples are harvested in September, but in the warm southern Kuban, you can harvest in mid-August. Therefore, it is not surprising that the Glory to the Winners apple tree is often referred to as a late summer species.

The apples are medium in size, round, with a glossy skin. In the semi-ripeness stage, they are colored green and painted with red strokes. When fully ripe, they gradually turn red more and more. The pulp is creamy, juicy, sweet and sour. Apples are stored in the basement for 1.5 months. This period can be doubled by putting them in the refrigerator.

Unlike frosts, the apple variety Slava Winners does not tolerate drought well. In addition, it has an average resistance to scab.

Rozhdestvenskoe

One of the fairly young domestic varieties, known for its absolute scab resistance. Derived based on apple welsey... Trees grow rapidly, but do not exceed 3 m in height with a pyramidal crown diameter of about 2 m.

In addition to disease resistance, the advantage of the variety is its high and stable yield. And in terms of winter hardiness, he bypassed even Antonovka. However, the lack of moisture for a short tree will immediately reduce its advantages, because its drought resistance is small.

The average fruit weight is about 150 g, apples are almost completely covered with cherry blush. The skin is quite dense, with a glossy sheen, visible subcutaneous punctures and a gray funnel. The pulp is firm, but very juicy, creamy, sweet and sour.

The Rozhdestvenskoe apple tree is fast-growing, the first harvest gives already at 4 years of age. The fruits ripen at the end of September, therefore, the variety is considered late autumn or early winter. The fruit can be stored until January, but becomes soft by winter.

In memory of Isaev

A late autumn variety with high frost resistance, named after the famous breeder. The tree is medium-sized, no more than 3.5 m high, with a rounded crown. The hybrid is resistant to scab, gives a high yield, but does not differ in early maturity.

The apples are large, slightly flattened, with a shiny skin. Painted in yellow - green with a raspberry blush and rare subcutaneous dots. The fruits are sweet, tasty, the pulp is tender, but juicy enough, creamy in color, with a slight sourness. Dessert aroma, weak. The fruits are stored until January.

The apple variety in Memory of Isaev absolutely does not tolerate waterlogging of the soil.

Winter varieties of apples

The kind of fruit that can be stored until the next harvest is winter apples. They hang on the branches for the longest time, ripen slowly, but they have good keeping quality. Early winter species lie until the end of winter, medium ones until mid-spring, and late varieties do until next fall. Moreover, the most delicious and fragrant fruits are not the ones that were just picked. They accumulate both aroma and sugar content gradually, during storage.

Winter apples are a universal culture. They can both be eaten and put on blanks. In addition, such fruits have a denser structure, both of the skin and the pulp itself. This allows them to be transported over long distances without worrying about the safety of the fruit.

Some of the best winter varieties of apples are:

• Semerenko;
• Jonathan;
• Champion.

Semerenko

The advantages of the variety are high yield and long shelf life of fruits. The tree is tall, with a spreading crown, begins to bear fruit for 5 years. The apple tree is drought tolerant, but moderately hardy. For this reason, it is recommended for growing in regions with warm winters.

The fruits ripen late, at the turn of September and October. They can be both large, up to 200 g each apple, and medium-sized. The apples are round, but slightly flattened on both sides, green. During storage, which can last up to 9 months, they turn slightly yellow. The skin is firm, but not thick, with a few subcutaneous light spots. Sometimes warty growths characteristic of the variety appear on it, but not much. The pulp is dense, juicy, white. The variety represents sweet and sour apple varieties with a pronounced sourness.

This variety is also known as Renet Simirenko, and the people simply call it "simirinka". He owes his name to the famous breeder P.F. Simirenko.

Jonathan

Another thermophilic variety for the southern strip. It is one of the latest obtained by American breeders. The tree is medium-sized, with an irregular ball-shaped crown. Jonathan is prone to self-fertility, but it is better to plant pollinators nearby. They can be Macintosh, Golden Delicious, Umanskoe winter. The apple tree is resistant to scab, but is often sick with powdery mildew.

The variety is considered early-growing - the first apples appear at the 5th year of life in medium-sized rootstocks. The crop is removed towards the end of September. The fruits are round, medium, yellow-green, but with a striped red blush. The skin is dense, but thin, with lighter subcutaneous punctures. The pulp is creamy, firm, juicy and sweet, very aromatic. In storage conditions, the fruits are stored until the very end of winter, without losing their taste.

Winter red, Winter Horoshavka or Oslamskoe - this is the same Jonathan. It is also considered the perfect apple for cider.

Champion

The parents of this early winter variety were the apple trees Renet Orange Cox and Golden Delicious. The tree is medium-sized, the maximum height is 5 m, but it lends itself well to formation. Most often it has a more compact size, supported by regular pruning. Resistance to frost and scab is average, but almost no powdery mildew.

The variety is fast-growing, begins to bear fruit as early as 3 years after planting. Apples ripen in the second half of September. They are large, round, a red blurred blush almost completely covers the greenish surface. The skin is thin but firm. The pulp is creamy, a little loose, but juicy and sweet, with a slight sourness.

If the Champion is grafted onto a dwarf stock, then the harvest will be in the first year.

Early fast-growing apples

Gardeners are very fond of these crops for the ability to quickly harvest. While most varieties bear fruit only at the 5th year of life, the early ripening ones will tie the first apples as early as 3 years. Some varieties are even super early: the first harvest can be harvested as early as the second year after planting.

Among the early-growing apple trees, the following varieties should be distinguished:

• Melba;
• North Synap;
• Student.

Melba

Late-summer medium-sized variety, bears fruit for 3-4 years of life. The height of the tree is up to 4 m, the crown is round, medium spreading, with a diameter of more than 5 m. Apples ripen at the end of August, but unlike other summer varieties, they are perfectly stored until next autumn. Ripening is uneven, extended for 1.5 months.

The fruits are round, rather large, weighing 150 g each and more. The skin is unevenly colored (greenish-yellow or red), with a pronounced striped pattern. The pulp is sour - sweet, white, juicy, it smells like candy.

The variety is not resistant to scab, powdery mildew and frost, but is not afraid of summer drought. The red variety Melba Red has slightly higher winter hardiness, but even it will not survive in the northern regions.

The Melba variety has partial self-fertility. To increase yields, it is recommended to plant pollinators nearby - apple varieties Antonovka, Borovinka or Suslepskoye.

North synap

Late winter winter-hardy variety for regions with moderately cold climates. The tree is vigorous, up to 7 m high with almost the same diameter of the conical crown. Disease resistance is low.

The apples are medium-sized, slightly elongated, ripen in October. The thick skin is green, with a deep red blush and numerous subcutaneous punctures. Covered with a waxy coating. The pulp is white, with a barely noticeable pale green tint, medium density, rather juicy. The taste is dominated by a sweet note with a subtle sourness.

Given the partial self-fertility of the variety, for a high yield it is necessary to plant a number of apple trees - pollinators. Slavyanka, Antonovka and Saffron Pepin are good at this.

Student

It belongs to the late winter varieties, but among them it is one of the fastest growing. The planted tree blooms already in the second year of life, but it is recommended to completely cut off the first color. A trial crop is obtained for 3 years, and a full-fledged one for 5 years. The apple tree is medium-sized, with a rounded crown. The height of an adult tree does not exceed 4 - 5 m, which is rare among winter species.

The Studencheskoye variety is self-pollinated, characterized by high frost resistance and excellent keeping quality.Withstands frosts up to 40 °, suitable for growing in the regions of the central strip and the Moscow region. Scab resistant.

Apples ripen late, by October, but they can be stored until the end of spring. Fruits are medium, round, with thick green skin, painted with strokes and a red blush. The pulp is light green, tender, juicy, sweet and sour.

Green apple varieties

Looking at the beautiful Semerenko apples, I would like to name a couple more species with a pleasant green color of the fruit. Their appearance is deceiving, because sweet flesh is hidden under the seemingly immature skin. Of course, there is a sourness in it, and quite clearly expressed. But this does not affect the overall taste.

Green apple cultivar names with short descriptions:

1. Slav. Winter early-growing variety, resistant to frost and disease. Fruits are small, about 100 g in weight, green-yellow. Turn yellow during storage. The pulp is white, dense, juicy, by the spring it becomes mealy.
2. Rosemary Russian. Late autumn dessert variety with high resistance to frost, fungi and viruses. Fruits are conical, green with a pink blush. The pulp is juicy, with a slight sourness.
3. Kutuzovets. Winter variety, but with poor winter hardiness, but not susceptible to fruit rot. Fruits are medium-sized, yellow-green, round, with a dull blush. The pulp is greenish, dense, juicy, with sourness.
4. Amber. Autumn variety with high yield and taste characteristics. Differs in increased adaptation to weather conditions, but has a weak immunity to scab. The fruits are green at first, after full ripening they turn completely yellow. The pulp is creamy, fine-grained, juicy, the taste is sweet and sour.

Red apple varieties

Red apples compare favorably with the green ones in their rich and noble color. Such fruits not only look beautiful, but also very tasty. Sweet, aromatic, they can be both summer and winter. And then there are real aristocrats among these apple kings. These are varieties in which not only the skin is red, but also the pulp itself.

The following apples have some of the best taste characteristics:

1. Vista Bella. A variety of large apples, early summer and early-growing, therefore, poorly resistant to frost. Fruits weighing up to 200 g, slightly flattened on top. The skin is covered with small light dots, the sour-sweet flesh is white.
2. Delicacy. Winter-hardy autumn red variety with high yields. The fruits are medium, bright red, with a prominent yellow background and small white dots. The pulp is crispy, dense, with sourness.
3. Fuji. Winter view from Japanese breeders, representing the sweetest apple varieties. Resistant to frost and drought, the yield is high, but periodic. Fruits are large, striped red, with white, sweet and crunchy flesh.
4. Gloucester. German winter variety with high winter hardiness and large fruits. The apples are elongated, ribbed, red to a white point. The pulp is creamy, juicy, sweet and sour.

Apple varieties with red pulp

It is not difficult to identify these apple varieties in general, simply by cutting them. Among the red-sided summer fruits, fruits, red and inside, are still considered a novelty. But they are confidently gaining popularity due to not only their original cutaway appearance. Most of these apple trees are early-growing and are not afraid of frost, and their harvest is stored until spring.

Here is a short list of red meat apple varieties and a description:

1. Redlove. There are 4 varieties: 2 summer, 1 autumn and 1 winter variety. The pulp is sweet, tender texture. The photo shows that it is lighter around the core.
2. Bahia Marisa. Winter hardy variety with large fruits. The pulp is dense, juicy, sweet.
3. Pink Pearl (aka Pink Pearl). An original variety of juicy apples, the skin of which is pink and white, but inside they are scarlet. The pulp is very aromatic and juicy, sweet, with a light tart note.

Small, but remote small apples

For regions with cold winters, winter-hardy varieties are of particular value.And if you don't surprise anyone with big apples, then some species will pleasantly delight both the eye and the stomach. Breeders have bred varieties of small apples that surpass their large-fruited counterparts in winter hardiness. But the size of the apples at first glance does not cause much impression. Despite their diminutiveness, such apples are very tasty both fresh and preserved.

From small varieties are valued:

1. Golden early Chinese. With a tree height of about 10 m, the weight of one apple does not exceed 40 g, and its diameter is a maximum of 7 cm. The fruits are yellow, honey, with tender pulp, ripen in August. They do not last longer than 1 week, but they are an ideal product for juice.
2. Berry apple or Siberian. The best variety for Siberian gardens, capable of withstanding frosts down to minus 50 °. Small apples no more than 1 cm in diameter look like cherries from a distance, especially if the red variety grows. There are also species with yellow and orange fruits. Apples are bitter, but the bitterness goes away if they are removed after frost.
3. Ranetki. Another frost-resistant small variety, the weight of one apple does not exceed 15 g. There are many varieties of ranetki, but most of them are red, sour-sweet, with a slight tart note. Although there are very sweet ranetki.

This is not the whole list and varieties of apples that exist. There are many more different species, both old and modern hybrids. When choosing which one to plant in your garden, you should focus not only on the appearance and taste of the fruit. It is also important to take into account the regionalization of each variety. And then an annual and bountiful harvest is guaranteed.

Apple varieties at their summer cottage - video